High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes
It has been reported that the offspring of diabetic pregnant women have an increased risk for neural tube defects. Previous studies in animal models suggested that high glucose induces cell apoptosis and epigenetic changes in the developing neural tube. However, effects on other cellular aspects suc...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.1021284/full |
| _version_ | 1797959936851836928 |
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| author | Sisi Peng Sisi Peng Sisi Peng Yu Wu Yu Wu Yu Wu Yufang Zheng Yufang Zheng Yufang Zheng |
| author_facet | Sisi Peng Sisi Peng Sisi Peng Yu Wu Yu Wu Yu Wu Yufang Zheng Yufang Zheng Yufang Zheng |
| author_sort | Sisi Peng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It has been reported that the offspring of diabetic pregnant women have an increased risk for neural tube defects. Previous studies in animal models suggested that high glucose induces cell apoptosis and epigenetic changes in the developing neural tube. However, effects on other cellular aspects such as the cell shape changes were not fully investigated. Actin dynamics plays essential roles in cell shape change. Disruption on actin dynamics is known to cause neural tube defects. In the present study, we used a 3D neuroepithelial cyst model and a rosette model, both cultured from human embryonic stem cells, to study the cellular effects caused by high glucose. By using these models, we observed couple of new changes besides increased apoptosis. First, we observed that high glucose disturbed the distribution of pH3 positive cells in the neuroepithelial cysts. Secondly, we found that high glucose exposure caused a relatively smaller actin inner boundary enclosed area, which was unlikely due to osmolarity changes. We further investigated key glucose metabolic enzymes in our models and the results showed that the distribution of hexokinase1 (HK1) was affected by high glucose. We observed that hexokinase1 has an apical-basal polarized distribution and is highest next to actin at the boundaries. hexokinase1 was more diffused and distributed less polarized under high glucose condition. Together, our observations broadened the cellular effects that may be caused by high glucose in the developing neural tube, especially in the secondary neurulation process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:38:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d16f754037944617bbbbb6f143eaa09a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:38:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d16f754037944617bbbbb6f143eaa09a2023-01-06T14:28:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2023-01-011010.3389/fcell.2022.10212841021284High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changesSisi Peng0Sisi Peng1Sisi Peng2Yu Wu3Yu Wu4Yu Wu5Yufang Zheng6Yufang Zheng7Yufang Zheng8Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaObstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Cellular and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaObstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Cellular and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaObstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaIt has been reported that the offspring of diabetic pregnant women have an increased risk for neural tube defects. Previous studies in animal models suggested that high glucose induces cell apoptosis and epigenetic changes in the developing neural tube. However, effects on other cellular aspects such as the cell shape changes were not fully investigated. Actin dynamics plays essential roles in cell shape change. Disruption on actin dynamics is known to cause neural tube defects. In the present study, we used a 3D neuroepithelial cyst model and a rosette model, both cultured from human embryonic stem cells, to study the cellular effects caused by high glucose. By using these models, we observed couple of new changes besides increased apoptosis. First, we observed that high glucose disturbed the distribution of pH3 positive cells in the neuroepithelial cysts. Secondly, we found that high glucose exposure caused a relatively smaller actin inner boundary enclosed area, which was unlikely due to osmolarity changes. We further investigated key glucose metabolic enzymes in our models and the results showed that the distribution of hexokinase1 (HK1) was affected by high glucose. We observed that hexokinase1 has an apical-basal polarized distribution and is highest next to actin at the boundaries. hexokinase1 was more diffused and distributed less polarized under high glucose condition. Together, our observations broadened the cellular effects that may be caused by high glucose in the developing neural tube, especially in the secondary neurulation process.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.1021284/fullhigh glucoseactinHK1neuroepithelial cystsneural rosettes |
| spellingShingle | Sisi Peng Sisi Peng Sisi Peng Yu Wu Yu Wu Yu Wu Yufang Zheng Yufang Zheng Yufang Zheng High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology high glucose actin HK1 neuroepithelial cysts neural rosettes |
| title | High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes |
| title_full | High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes |
| title_fullStr | High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes |
| title_full_unstemmed | High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes |
| title_short | High glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and HK1 distribution changes |
| title_sort | high glucose causes developmental abnormalities in neuroepithelial cysts with actin and hk1 distribution changes |
| topic | high glucose actin HK1 neuroepithelial cysts neural rosettes |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.1021284/full |
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