The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span
Since its discovery, much attention has been drawn to irisin’s potential role in metabolic and reproductive diseases. This narrative review summarizes and updates the possible role played by this fascinating molecule in different physiological (puberty and menopause) and pathological (polycystic ova...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3260 |
| _version_ | 1797381897167306752 |
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| author | Federica Barbagallo Rossella Cannarella Vincenzo Garofalo Marta Marino Sandro La Vignera Rosita A. Condorelli Lara Tiranini Rossella E. Nappi Aldo E. Calogero |
| author_facet | Federica Barbagallo Rossella Cannarella Vincenzo Garofalo Marta Marino Sandro La Vignera Rosita A. Condorelli Lara Tiranini Rossella E. Nappi Aldo E. Calogero |
| author_sort | Federica Barbagallo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since its discovery, much attention has been drawn to irisin’s potential role in metabolic and reproductive diseases. This narrative review summarizes and updates the possible role played by this fascinating molecule in different physiological (puberty and menopause) and pathological (polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA), endometriosis, and gestational diabetes) conditions that can affect women throughout their entire lives. Irisin appears to be an important factor for the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis activation, and appears to play a role in the timing of puberty onset. Serum irisin levels have been proposed as a biomarker for predicting the future development of gestational diabetes (GDM). Its role in PCOS is still controversial, although an “irisin resistance” mechanism has been hypothesized. In addition to its impact on metabolism, irisin also appears to influence bone health. Irisin levels are inversely correlated with the prevalence of fractures in postmenopausal women. Similar mechanisms have also been postulated in young women with FHA. In clinical settings, further controlled, prospective and randomized clinical trials are needed to investigate the casual relationship between irisin levels and the conditions described and, in turn, to establish the role of irisin as a prognostic/diagnostic biomarker or a therapeutic target. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:59:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d1723de2245545c7b07c0ef7d9a1eefa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:59:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1723de2245545c7b07c0ef7d9a1eefa2023-12-22T13:55:07ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-12-011112326010.3390/biomedicines11123260The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life SpanFederica Barbagallo0Rossella Cannarella1Vincenzo Garofalo2Marta Marino3Sandro La Vignera4Rosita A. Condorelli5Lara Tiranini6Rossella E. Nappi7Aldo E. Calogero8Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, ItalyDepartment of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, ItalySince its discovery, much attention has been drawn to irisin’s potential role in metabolic and reproductive diseases. This narrative review summarizes and updates the possible role played by this fascinating molecule in different physiological (puberty and menopause) and pathological (polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA), endometriosis, and gestational diabetes) conditions that can affect women throughout their entire lives. Irisin appears to be an important factor for the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis activation, and appears to play a role in the timing of puberty onset. Serum irisin levels have been proposed as a biomarker for predicting the future development of gestational diabetes (GDM). Its role in PCOS is still controversial, although an “irisin resistance” mechanism has been hypothesized. In addition to its impact on metabolism, irisin also appears to influence bone health. Irisin levels are inversely correlated with the prevalence of fractures in postmenopausal women. Similar mechanisms have also been postulated in young women with FHA. In clinical settings, further controlled, prospective and randomized clinical trials are needed to investigate the casual relationship between irisin levels and the conditions described and, in turn, to establish the role of irisin as a prognostic/diagnostic biomarker or a therapeutic target.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3260irisinbone healthmetabolismreproductionHPG axispolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) |
| spellingShingle | Federica Barbagallo Rossella Cannarella Vincenzo Garofalo Marta Marino Sandro La Vignera Rosita A. Condorelli Lara Tiranini Rossella E. Nappi Aldo E. Calogero The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span Biomedicines irisin bone health metabolism reproduction HPG axis polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) |
| title | The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span |
| title_full | The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span |
| title_short | The Role of Irisin throughout Women’s Life Span |
| title_sort | role of irisin throughout women s life span |
| topic | irisin bone health metabolism reproduction HPG axis polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/12/3260 |
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