State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis Mortality
Background: Sarcoidosis is associated with significant morbidity and rising health care utilization, which contribute to the health care burden and disease outcome. In the United States (US), evaluation of sarcoidosis mortality by individual states has not been investigated. Methods: We examined sar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2366 |
| _version_ | 1797532353666482176 |
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| author | Yu-Che Lee Ko-Yun Chang Mehdi Mirsaeidi |
| author_facet | Yu-Che Lee Ko-Yun Chang Mehdi Mirsaeidi |
| author_sort | Yu-Che Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Sarcoidosis is associated with significant morbidity and rising health care utilization, which contribute to the health care burden and disease outcome. In the United States (US), evaluation of sarcoidosis mortality by individual states has not been investigated. Methods: We examined sarcoidosis mortality data for 1999–2018 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). America’s Health Rankings (AHR) assesses the nation’s health on a state-by-state basis to determine state health rankings. The numbers of certified Sarcoidosis Clinics within the US were obtained from World Association for Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders (WASOG) and Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research (FSR). The associations between sarcoidosis mortality and state health disparities were calculated by linear regression analyses. Results: From 1999 to 2018, the mean age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) in all populations, African Americans and European Americans were 2.9, 14.8, and 1.4 per 1,000,000 population, respectively. South Carolina had the highest AAMR for all populations (6.6/1,000,000) and African Americans (20.8/1,000,000). Both Utah and Vermont had the highest AAMR for European Americans (2.6/1,000,000). New York State and South Atlantic had the largest numbers of FSR-WASOG Sarcoidosis Clinics (6 and 13, respectively). States with better health rankings were significantly associated with lower AAMR in all population (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.170, <i>p</i> = 0.003) but with higher AAMR in European Americans (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.223, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: There are significant variations in sarcoidosis mortality within the US. Sarcoidosis mortality was strongly associated with state health disparities. The current study suggests sarcoidosis mortality could be an indicator to reflect the state-level health care disparities in the US. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:57:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d17ea5772f2b44bf8bd539d41d76f92e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:57:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d17ea5772f2b44bf8bd539d41d76f92e2023-11-21T21:43:45ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-05-011011236610.3390/jcm10112366State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis MortalityYu-Che Lee0Ko-Yun Chang1Mehdi Mirsaeidi2Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo-Catholic Health System, Buffalo, NY 14220, USADivision of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, TaiwanDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33146, USABackground: Sarcoidosis is associated with significant morbidity and rising health care utilization, which contribute to the health care burden and disease outcome. In the United States (US), evaluation of sarcoidosis mortality by individual states has not been investigated. Methods: We examined sarcoidosis mortality data for 1999–2018 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). America’s Health Rankings (AHR) assesses the nation’s health on a state-by-state basis to determine state health rankings. The numbers of certified Sarcoidosis Clinics within the US were obtained from World Association for Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders (WASOG) and Foundation for Sarcoidosis Research (FSR). The associations between sarcoidosis mortality and state health disparities were calculated by linear regression analyses. Results: From 1999 to 2018, the mean age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) in all populations, African Americans and European Americans were 2.9, 14.8, and 1.4 per 1,000,000 population, respectively. South Carolina had the highest AAMR for all populations (6.6/1,000,000) and African Americans (20.8/1,000,000). Both Utah and Vermont had the highest AAMR for European Americans (2.6/1,000,000). New York State and South Atlantic had the largest numbers of FSR-WASOG Sarcoidosis Clinics (6 and 13, respectively). States with better health rankings were significantly associated with lower AAMR in all population (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.170, <i>p</i> = 0.003) but with higher AAMR in European Americans (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.223, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: There are significant variations in sarcoidosis mortality within the US. Sarcoidosis mortality was strongly associated with state health disparities. The current study suggests sarcoidosis mortality could be an indicator to reflect the state-level health care disparities in the US.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2366USAhealth disparitysarcoidosismortality |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Che Lee Ko-Yun Chang Mehdi Mirsaeidi State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis Mortality Journal of Clinical Medicine USA health disparity sarcoidosis mortality |
| title | State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis Mortality |
| title_full | State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis Mortality |
| title_fullStr | State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis Mortality |
| title_full_unstemmed | State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis Mortality |
| title_short | State-Level Health Disparity Is Associated with Sarcoidosis Mortality |
| title_sort | state level health disparity is associated with sarcoidosis mortality |
| topic | USA health disparity sarcoidosis mortality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2366 |
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