Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

The present study evaluated the effects of the dietary black soldier fly larvae meal (BSF) on growth performance, intestinal health, and susceptibility to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The basal diet was formulated to contain 25% fish meal (FM), and then t...

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Main Authors: Yongkang Chen, Shuyan Chi, Shuang Zhang, Xiaohui Dong, Qihui Yang, Hongyu Liu, Beiping Tan, Shiwei Xie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Marine Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.706463/full
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author Yongkang Chen
Shuyan Chi
Shuyan Chi
Shuyan Chi
Shuang Zhang
Shuang Zhang
Shuang Zhang
Xiaohui Dong
Xiaohui Dong
Xiaohui Dong
Qihui Yang
Qihui Yang
Qihui Yang
Hongyu Liu
Hongyu Liu
Hongyu Liu
Beiping Tan
Beiping Tan
Beiping Tan
Shiwei Xie
Shiwei Xie
Shiwei Xie
author_facet Yongkang Chen
Shuyan Chi
Shuyan Chi
Shuyan Chi
Shuang Zhang
Shuang Zhang
Shuang Zhang
Xiaohui Dong
Xiaohui Dong
Xiaohui Dong
Qihui Yang
Qihui Yang
Qihui Yang
Hongyu Liu
Hongyu Liu
Hongyu Liu
Beiping Tan
Beiping Tan
Beiping Tan
Shiwei Xie
Shiwei Xie
Shiwei Xie
author_sort Yongkang Chen
collection DOAJ
description The present study evaluated the effects of the dietary black soldier fly larvae meal (BSF) on growth performance, intestinal health, and susceptibility to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The basal diet was formulated to contain 25% fish meal (FM), and then the FM was replaced with BSF for 10, 20, and 30% of the FM protein in the experimental diets, which are referred to as FM, BSF10, BSF20, and BSF30, respectively. Four hundred and eighty healthy and uniform-sized shrimp (~0.88 g) were distributed among four groups of three replicates, each with 40 shrimp in a 300-L tank and they were fed four times daily for 7 weeks. The results showed that the growth performance did not change significantly in shrimp fed with BSF10 and BSF20 diets, but significantly decreased in those fed with BSF30 diet compared to the ones fed with FM diet. After feeding trial and sampling, a V. parahaemolyticus infection challenge trial was conducted on shrimp. The results showed that the survival rate of shrimp fed with BSF10 was significantly higher than those fed with FM. The results of the midgut histology showed that the width and height of intestinal mucosal folds decreased significantly in shrimp fed with BSF20 and BSF30, and the early signs of apoptosis in the intestinal cells were found in shrimp fed with BSF30. The mRNA levels of non-specific immune-related genes dorsal and relish were downregulated in shrimp fed with BSF20 and BSF30 diets. The mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides–related genes alf (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor) were upregulated in shrimp fed with BSF10 but downregulated in shrimp fed with BSF30. The mRNA level pen3 (penaeidins 3) was upregulated in shrimp fed with BSF10 and BSF20 diets. The intestinal bacterial communities on operational taxonomic unit levels among groups were not significantly differentiated according to the beta diversity analysis. At the genus levels, a decrease in Vibrio, Photobacterium, and Candidatus_Bacilloplasma, as well as the increase in Bacillus and Pseudoalteromonas abundance, indicated the improvement of intestinal microbiota in shrimp fed with dietary BSF. Therefore, the use of BSF in shrimp diet should be controlled at a dosage of 20% of the FM, which can improve the intestinal microbiota without causing any negative effects.
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spelling doaj.art-d17f82e366094b7984df576cc674974d2022-12-21T22:08:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452021-08-01810.3389/fmars.2021.706463706463Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)Yongkang Chen0Shuyan Chi1Shuyan Chi2Shuyan Chi3Shuang Zhang4Shuang Zhang5Shuang Zhang6Xiaohui Dong7Xiaohui Dong8Xiaohui Dong9Qihui Yang10Qihui Yang11Qihui Yang12Hongyu Liu13Hongyu Liu14Hongyu Liu15Beiping Tan16Beiping Tan17Beiping Tan18Shiwei Xie19Shiwei Xie20Shiwei Xie21Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaLaboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaAquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong, Zhanjiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, ChinaLaboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaAquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong, Zhanjiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, ChinaLaboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaAquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong, Zhanjiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, ChinaLaboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaAquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong, Zhanjiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, ChinaLaboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaAquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong, Zhanjiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, ChinaLaboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaAquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong, Zhanjiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, ChinaLaboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaAquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong, Zhanjiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, ChinaThe present study evaluated the effects of the dietary black soldier fly larvae meal (BSF) on growth performance, intestinal health, and susceptibility to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. The basal diet was formulated to contain 25% fish meal (FM), and then the FM was replaced with BSF for 10, 20, and 30% of the FM protein in the experimental diets, which are referred to as FM, BSF10, BSF20, and BSF30, respectively. Four hundred and eighty healthy and uniform-sized shrimp (~0.88 g) were distributed among four groups of three replicates, each with 40 shrimp in a 300-L tank and they were fed four times daily for 7 weeks. The results showed that the growth performance did not change significantly in shrimp fed with BSF10 and BSF20 diets, but significantly decreased in those fed with BSF30 diet compared to the ones fed with FM diet. After feeding trial and sampling, a V. parahaemolyticus infection challenge trial was conducted on shrimp. The results showed that the survival rate of shrimp fed with BSF10 was significantly higher than those fed with FM. The results of the midgut histology showed that the width and height of intestinal mucosal folds decreased significantly in shrimp fed with BSF20 and BSF30, and the early signs of apoptosis in the intestinal cells were found in shrimp fed with BSF30. The mRNA levels of non-specific immune-related genes dorsal and relish were downregulated in shrimp fed with BSF20 and BSF30 diets. The mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides–related genes alf (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor) were upregulated in shrimp fed with BSF10 but downregulated in shrimp fed with BSF30. The mRNA level pen3 (penaeidins 3) was upregulated in shrimp fed with BSF10 and BSF20 diets. The intestinal bacterial communities on operational taxonomic unit levels among groups were not significantly differentiated according to the beta diversity analysis. At the genus levels, a decrease in Vibrio, Photobacterium, and Candidatus_Bacilloplasma, as well as the increase in Bacillus and Pseudoalteromonas abundance, indicated the improvement of intestinal microbiota in shrimp fed with dietary BSF. Therefore, the use of BSF in shrimp diet should be controlled at a dosage of 20% of the FM, which can improve the intestinal microbiota without causing any negative effects.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.706463/fullLitopenaeus vannameiblack soldier fly larvae mealintestinal histologynon-specific immuneintestinal microbiota
spellingShingle Yongkang Chen
Shuyan Chi
Shuyan Chi
Shuyan Chi
Shuang Zhang
Shuang Zhang
Shuang Zhang
Xiaohui Dong
Xiaohui Dong
Xiaohui Dong
Qihui Yang
Qihui Yang
Qihui Yang
Hongyu Liu
Hongyu Liu
Hongyu Liu
Beiping Tan
Beiping Tan
Beiping Tan
Shiwei Xie
Shiwei Xie
Shiwei Xie
Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Frontiers in Marine Science
Litopenaeus vannamei
black soldier fly larvae meal
intestinal histology
non-specific immune
intestinal microbiota
title Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
title_full Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
title_fullStr Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
title_short Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
title_sort evaluation of the dietary black soldier fly larvae meal hermetia illucens on growth performance intestinal health and disease resistance to vibrio parahaemolyticus of the pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei
topic Litopenaeus vannamei
black soldier fly larvae meal
intestinal histology
non-specific immune
intestinal microbiota
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.706463/full
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