Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine
A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>), propane (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>), butane (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>), and dimethyl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/10/1072 |
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| author | Van Chien Pham Beom-Seok Rho Jun-Soo Kim Won-Ju Lee Jae-Hyuk Choi |
| author_facet | Van Chien Pham Beom-Seok Rho Jun-Soo Kim Won-Ju Lee Jae-Hyuk Choi |
| author_sort | Van Chien Pham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>), propane (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>), butane (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>), and dimethyl ether (DME) on the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke gas-diesel dual-fuel (DF) marine engine at full load. Three-dimensional simulations of the combustion process and emission formation inside the engine cylinder in the diesel and DF modes were performed using the AVL FIRE R2018a simulation software to analyze the in-cylinder pressure, temperature, and emission characteristics. The simulation results agreed well with the measured values reported in the engine shop test technical data. The simulation results showed reductions in the in-cylinder peak pressure and temperatures, as well as the emission formations, in the DF modes in comparison to the diesel mode. The DF mode could significantly reduce nitric oxide (NO) emissions (up to 96.225%) of DME compared to the diesel mode. Meanwhile, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> fuels effectively reduced the soot (up to 82.78%) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions (by 21.33%), respectively, compared to the diesel mode. However, the results also showed longer ignition delay times of the combustion processes when the engine operated in the DF mode, particularly in the DME-diesel mode. The combustion and emission characteristics of the engine were also analyzed when varying the injection timing; the results showed that applying the injection timing adjustment method could further address NO emission problems but led to a decrease in the engine power. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the benefits and disadvantages of adopting the injection timing adjustment strategy to address certain engine emission problems. This study successfully analyzed the benefits of using various gas fuels as alternative fuels and the injection timing adjustment method in DF marine engines to meet the International Maritime Organization (IMO) emission regulations without the use of any emission after-treatment devices. |
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| id | doaj.art-d194fa51346f42998dc58bf94b44baa3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:28:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-d194fa51346f42998dc58bf94b44baa32023-11-22T18:45:04ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122021-10-01910107210.3390/jmse9101072Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine EngineVan Chien Pham0Beom-Seok Rho1Jun-Soo Kim2Won-Ju Lee3Jae-Hyuk Choi4Marine Engineering Department, Graduate School of Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727, Taejong-ro, Busan 49112, KoreaKorea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology, 367, Haeyang-ro, Busan 49111, KoreaKorea Institute of Maritime and Fisheries Technology, 367, Haeyang-ro, Busan 49111, KoreaDivision of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727, Taejong-ro, Busan 49112, KoreaDivision of Marine System Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727, Taejong-ro, Busan 49112, KoreaA numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), ethane (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>), propane (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>), butane (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>), and dimethyl ether (DME) on the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke gas-diesel dual-fuel (DF) marine engine at full load. Three-dimensional simulations of the combustion process and emission formation inside the engine cylinder in the diesel and DF modes were performed using the AVL FIRE R2018a simulation software to analyze the in-cylinder pressure, temperature, and emission characteristics. The simulation results agreed well with the measured values reported in the engine shop test technical data. The simulation results showed reductions in the in-cylinder peak pressure and temperatures, as well as the emission formations, in the DF modes in comparison to the diesel mode. The DF mode could significantly reduce nitric oxide (NO) emissions (up to 96.225%) of DME compared to the diesel mode. Meanwhile, C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> fuels effectively reduced the soot (up to 82.78%) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) emissions (by 21.33%), respectively, compared to the diesel mode. However, the results also showed longer ignition delay times of the combustion processes when the engine operated in the DF mode, particularly in the DME-diesel mode. The combustion and emission characteristics of the engine were also analyzed when varying the injection timing; the results showed that applying the injection timing adjustment method could further address NO emission problems but led to a decrease in the engine power. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the benefits and disadvantages of adopting the injection timing adjustment strategy to address certain engine emission problems. This study successfully analyzed the benefits of using various gas fuels as alternative fuels and the injection timing adjustment method in DF marine engines to meet the International Maritime Organization (IMO) emission regulations without the use of any emission after-treatment devices.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/10/1072methane (CH<sub>4</sub>)dimethyl ether (DME)dual-fuel (DF) enginecombustionemissionstart of injection (SOI) |
| spellingShingle | Van Chien Pham Beom-Seok Rho Jun-Soo Kim Won-Ju Lee Jae-Hyuk Choi Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine Journal of Marine Science and Engineering methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) dimethyl ether (DME) dual-fuel (DF) engine combustion emission start of injection (SOI) |
| title | Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine |
| title_full | Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine |
| title_short | Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine |
| title_sort | effects of various fuels on combustion and emission characteristics of a four stroke dual fuel marine engine |
| topic | methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) dimethyl ether (DME) dual-fuel (DF) engine combustion emission start of injection (SOI) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/10/1072 |
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