Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair
The restoration of an intact epidermal barrier after wound injury is the culmination of a highly complex and exquisitely regulated physiological process involving multiple cells and tissues, overlapping dynamic events and protein synthesis and regulation. Central to this process is the cytoskeleton,...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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Series: | Cells |
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/18/2779 |
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author | Parinaz Ahangar Allison J. Cowin |
author_facet | Parinaz Ahangar Allison J. Cowin |
author_sort | Parinaz Ahangar |
collection | DOAJ |
description | The restoration of an intact epidermal barrier after wound injury is the culmination of a highly complex and exquisitely regulated physiological process involving multiple cells and tissues, overlapping dynamic events and protein synthesis and regulation. Central to this process is the cytoskeleton, a system of intracellular proteins that are instrumental in regulating important processes involved in wound repair including chemotaxis, cytokinesis, proliferation, migration, and phagocytosis. One highly conserved family of cytoskeletal proteins that are emerging as major regulators of actin and microtubule nucleation, polymerization, and stabilization are the formins. The formin family includes 15 different proteins categorized into seven subfamilies based on three formin homology domains (FH1, FH2, and FH3). The formins themselves are regulated in different ways including autoinhibition, activation, and localization by a range of proteins, including Rho GTPases. Herein, we describe the roles and effects of the formin family of cytoskeletal proteins on the fundamental process of wound healing and highlight recent advances relating to their important functions, mechanisms, and regulation at the molecular and cellular levels. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:27:03Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-d1a5c04841144fd9b3f4e1a2d4eb2c75 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2073-4409 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:27:03Z |
publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
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series | Cells |
spelling | doaj.art-d1a5c04841144fd9b3f4e1a2d4eb2c752023-11-23T15:32:07ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092022-09-011118277910.3390/cells11182779Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound RepairParinaz Ahangar0Allison J. Cowin1Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaFuture Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, AustraliaThe restoration of an intact epidermal barrier after wound injury is the culmination of a highly complex and exquisitely regulated physiological process involving multiple cells and tissues, overlapping dynamic events and protein synthesis and regulation. Central to this process is the cytoskeleton, a system of intracellular proteins that are instrumental in regulating important processes involved in wound repair including chemotaxis, cytokinesis, proliferation, migration, and phagocytosis. One highly conserved family of cytoskeletal proteins that are emerging as major regulators of actin and microtubule nucleation, polymerization, and stabilization are the formins. The formin family includes 15 different proteins categorized into seven subfamilies based on three formin homology domains (FH1, FH2, and FH3). The formins themselves are regulated in different ways including autoinhibition, activation, and localization by a range of proteins, including Rho GTPases. Herein, we describe the roles and effects of the formin family of cytoskeletal proteins on the fundamental process of wound healing and highlight recent advances relating to their important functions, mechanisms, and regulation at the molecular and cellular levels.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/18/2779forminswound healingactin filamentsmicrotubulesinflammationproliferation |
spellingShingle | Parinaz Ahangar Allison J. Cowin Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair Cells formins wound healing actin filaments microtubules inflammation proliferation |
title | Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair |
title_full | Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair |
title_fullStr | Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair |
title_full_unstemmed | Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair |
title_short | Reforming the Barrier: The Role of Formins in Wound Repair |
title_sort | reforming the barrier the role of formins in wound repair |
topic | formins wound healing actin filaments microtubules inflammation proliferation |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/18/2779 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT parinazahangar reformingthebarriertheroleofforminsinwoundrepair AT allisonjcowin reformingthebarriertheroleofforminsinwoundrepair |