A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus Huanglongbing
The citrus industry is facing an unprecedented crisis due to Huanglongbing (HLB, aka citrus greening disease), a bacterial disease associated with the pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) that affects all commercial varieties. Transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), CLas colonize...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02041/full |
| _version_ | 1811320973038714880 |
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| author | Deborah Pagliaccia Jinxia Shi Jinxia Shi Zhiqian Pang Eva Hawara Kelley Clark Shree P. Thapa Agustina D. Francesco Jianfeng Liu Thien-Toan Tran Sohrab Bodaghi Svetlana Y. Folimonova Veronica Ancona Ashok Mulchandani Gitta Coaker Nian Wang Georgios Vidalakis Wenbo Ma Wenbo Ma |
| author_facet | Deborah Pagliaccia Jinxia Shi Jinxia Shi Zhiqian Pang Eva Hawara Kelley Clark Shree P. Thapa Agustina D. Francesco Jianfeng Liu Thien-Toan Tran Sohrab Bodaghi Svetlana Y. Folimonova Veronica Ancona Ashok Mulchandani Gitta Coaker Nian Wang Georgios Vidalakis Wenbo Ma Wenbo Ma |
| author_sort | Deborah Pagliaccia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The citrus industry is facing an unprecedented crisis due to Huanglongbing (HLB, aka citrus greening disease), a bacterial disease associated with the pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) that affects all commercial varieties. Transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), CLas colonizes citrus phloem, leading to reduced yield and fruit quality, and eventually tree decline and death. Since adequate curative measures are not available, a key step in HLB management is to restrict the spread of the disease by identifying infected trees and removing them in a timely manner. However, uneven distribution of CLas cells in infected trees and the long latency for disease symptom development makes sampling of trees for CLas detection challenging. Here, we report that a CLas secreted protein can be used as a biomarker for detecting HLB infected citrus. Proteins secreted from CLas cells can presumably move along the phloem, beyond the site of ACP inoculation and CLas colonized plant cells, thereby increasing the chance of detecting infected trees. We generated a polyclonal antibody that effectively binds to the secreted protein and developed serological assays that can successfully detect CLas infection. This work demonstrates that antibody-based diagnosis using a CLas secreted protein as the detection marker for infected trees offers a high-throughput and economic approach that complements the approved quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based methods to enhance HLB management programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:10:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d1ab9b668c71406bba1476c6ec8b46fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:10:04Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1ab9b668c71406bba1476c6ec8b46fa2022-12-22T02:45:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2017-10-01810.3389/fmicb.2017.02041292856A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus HuanglongbingDeborah Pagliaccia0Jinxia Shi1Jinxia Shi2Zhiqian Pang3Eva Hawara4Kelley Clark5Shree P. Thapa6Agustina D. Francesco7Jianfeng Liu8Thien-Toan Tran9Sohrab Bodaghi10Svetlana Y. Folimonova11Veronica Ancona12Ashok Mulchandani13Gitta Coaker14Nian Wang15Georgios Vidalakis16Wenbo Ma17Wenbo Ma18Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesCenter for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesCitrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesTexas A&M University – Kingsville Citrus Center, Weslaco, TX, United StatesDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United StatesCitrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesCenter for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United StatesThe citrus industry is facing an unprecedented crisis due to Huanglongbing (HLB, aka citrus greening disease), a bacterial disease associated with the pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) that affects all commercial varieties. Transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), CLas colonizes citrus phloem, leading to reduced yield and fruit quality, and eventually tree decline and death. Since adequate curative measures are not available, a key step in HLB management is to restrict the spread of the disease by identifying infected trees and removing them in a timely manner. However, uneven distribution of CLas cells in infected trees and the long latency for disease symptom development makes sampling of trees for CLas detection challenging. Here, we report that a CLas secreted protein can be used as a biomarker for detecting HLB infected citrus. Proteins secreted from CLas cells can presumably move along the phloem, beyond the site of ACP inoculation and CLas colonized plant cells, thereby increasing the chance of detecting infected trees. We generated a polyclonal antibody that effectively binds to the secreted protein and developed serological assays that can successfully detect CLas infection. This work demonstrates that antibody-based diagnosis using a CLas secreted protein as the detection marker for infected trees offers a high-throughput and economic approach that complements the approved quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based methods to enhance HLB management programs.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02041/fullcitrus greening diseaseHLBeffectorsdisease diagnosisantibody-based detectionbacterial secreted proteins |
| spellingShingle | Deborah Pagliaccia Jinxia Shi Jinxia Shi Zhiqian Pang Eva Hawara Kelley Clark Shree P. Thapa Agustina D. Francesco Jianfeng Liu Thien-Toan Tran Sohrab Bodaghi Svetlana Y. Folimonova Veronica Ancona Ashok Mulchandani Gitta Coaker Nian Wang Georgios Vidalakis Wenbo Ma Wenbo Ma A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus Huanglongbing Frontiers in Microbiology citrus greening disease HLB effectors disease diagnosis antibody-based detection bacterial secreted proteins |
| title | A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus Huanglongbing |
| title_full | A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus Huanglongbing |
| title_fullStr | A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus Huanglongbing |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus Huanglongbing |
| title_short | A Pathogen Secreted Protein as a Detection Marker for Citrus Huanglongbing |
| title_sort | pathogen secreted protein as a detection marker for citrus huanglongbing |
| topic | citrus greening disease HLB effectors disease diagnosis antibody-based detection bacterial secreted proteins |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02041/full |
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