Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview
A teratogenic agent or teratogen can disturb the development of an embryo or a fetus. <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>), produced by <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> and <i>F. proliferatum</i>, is among the most commonly seen m...
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/2/114 |
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| author | Chompunut Lumsangkul Hsin-I Chiang Neng-Wen Lo Yang-Kwang Fan Jyh-Cherng Ju |
| author_facet | Chompunut Lumsangkul Hsin-I Chiang Neng-Wen Lo Yang-Kwang Fan Jyh-Cherng Ju |
| author_sort | Chompunut Lumsangkul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A teratogenic agent or teratogen can disturb the development of an embryo or a fetus. <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>), produced by <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> and <i>F. proliferatum</i>, is among the most commonly seen mycotoxins and contaminants from stale maize and other farm products. It may cause physical or functional defects in embryos or fetuses, if the pregnant animal is exposed to mycotoxin FB<sub>1</sub>. Due to its high similarity in chemical structure with lipid sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So), the primary component of sphingolipids, FB<sub>1</sub> plays a role in competitively inhibiting Sa and So, which are key enzymes in de novo ceramide synthase in the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, it causes growth retardation and developmental abnormalities to the embryos of hamsters, rats, mice, and chickens. Moreover, maternal FB<sub>1</sub> toxicity can be passed onto the embryo or fetus, leading to mortality. FB<sub>1</sub> also disrupts folate metabolism via the high-affinity folate transporter that can then result in folate insufficiency. The deficiencies are closely linked to incidences of neural tube defects (NTDs) in mice or humans. The purpose of this review is to understand the toxicity and mechanisms of mycotoxin FB<sub>1</sub> on the development of embryos or fetuses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:52:38Z |
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| id | doaj.art-d1ad974979dc4584972c292943c24e69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:52:38Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1ad974979dc4584972c292943c24e692022-12-22T02:57:22ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512019-02-0111211410.3390/toxins11020114toxins11020114Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An OverviewChompunut Lumsangkul0Hsin-I Chiang1Neng-Wen Lo2Yang-Kwang Fan3Jyh-Cherng Ju4Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanDepartment of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanDepartment of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, TaiwanDepartment of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanDepartment of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, TaiwanA teratogenic agent or teratogen can disturb the development of an embryo or a fetus. <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> (FB<sub>1</sub>), produced by <i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> and <i>F. proliferatum</i>, is among the most commonly seen mycotoxins and contaminants from stale maize and other farm products. It may cause physical or functional defects in embryos or fetuses, if the pregnant animal is exposed to mycotoxin FB<sub>1</sub>. Due to its high similarity in chemical structure with lipid sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So), the primary component of sphingolipids, FB<sub>1</sub> plays a role in competitively inhibiting Sa and So, which are key enzymes in de novo ceramide synthase in the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. Therefore, it causes growth retardation and developmental abnormalities to the embryos of hamsters, rats, mice, and chickens. Moreover, maternal FB<sub>1</sub> toxicity can be passed onto the embryo or fetus, leading to mortality. FB<sub>1</sub> also disrupts folate metabolism via the high-affinity folate transporter that can then result in folate insufficiency. The deficiencies are closely linked to incidences of neural tube defects (NTDs) in mice or humans. The purpose of this review is to understand the toxicity and mechanisms of mycotoxin FB<sub>1</sub> on the development of embryos or fetuses.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/2/114<i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub>developmental toxicityembryogenesisNTDteratogen |
| spellingShingle | Chompunut Lumsangkul Hsin-I Chiang Neng-Wen Lo Yang-Kwang Fan Jyh-Cherng Ju Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview Toxins <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> developmental toxicity embryogenesis NTD teratogen |
| title | Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview |
| title_full | Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview |
| title_fullStr | Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview |
| title_short | Developmental Toxicity of Mycotoxin <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> in Animal Embryogenesis: An Overview |
| title_sort | developmental toxicity of mycotoxin i fumonisin i b sub 1 sub in animal embryogenesis an overview |
| topic | <i>Fumonisin</i> B<sub>1</sub> developmental toxicity embryogenesis NTD teratogen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/2/114 |
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