Guidelines for cell viability assays
Abstract Recently, the interest in the application of cell viability assays has been increasing in various fields. Cell viability assays may be broadly classified as (a) dye exclusion assays, (b) colorimetric assays, (c) fluorometric assays, (d) luminometric assays, and (e) flow cytometric assays. D...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Food Frontiers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.44 |
| _version_ | 1818341694199824384 |
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| author | Senem Kamiloglu Gulce Sari Tugba Ozdal Esra Capanoglu |
| author_facet | Senem Kamiloglu Gulce Sari Tugba Ozdal Esra Capanoglu |
| author_sort | Senem Kamiloglu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Recently, the interest in the application of cell viability assays has been increasing in various fields. Cell viability assays may be broadly classified as (a) dye exclusion assays, (b) colorimetric assays, (c) fluorometric assays, (d) luminometric assays, and (e) flow cytometric assays. Dye exclusion assays include trypan blue, eosin, congo red, and erythrosine B stain assays, whereas 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐5‐(3‐carboxymethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(4‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium (MTS), 2,3‐bis‐(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitro‐5‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium‐5‐carboxanilide (XTT), 2‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐3‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐5‐(2,4‐disulfophenyl)‐2H tetrazolium, monosodium salt (WST‐1), 2‐(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitrophenyl)‐3‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐5‐(2,4‐disulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium, monosodium salt (WST‐8), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), sulforhodamine B (SRB), neutral red uptake (NRU), and crystal violet stain (CVS) assays are among the colorimetric assays. Similarly, resazurin and 5‐carboxyfluorescein diacetate acetoxymethyl ester (5‐CFDA‐AM) assays are based on fluorometric measurements, whereas luminometric assays comprise adenosine triphosphate and real‐time viability assays. Major flow cytometric assays include membrane asymmetry, membrane permeability, and mitochondria assays. In this guideline, the mechanisms and the practice of assessment of the most common cell viability assays applied in research labs are discussed in detail. An ideal cell viability assay should be safe, rapid, reliable, efficient, and time‐ and cost‐effective, and should not interfere with the test compound. Overall, it can be concluded that more than one cell viability assay should be applied in order to obtain reliable results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T16:02:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d1c092b90a6b454196860e8a6fe5f3f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2643-8429 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T16:02:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food Frontiers |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1c092b90a6b454196860e8a6fe5f3f42022-12-21T23:39:08ZengWileyFood Frontiers2643-84292020-09-011333234910.1002/fft2.44Guidelines for cell viability assaysSenem Kamiloglu0Gulce Sari1Tugba Ozdal2Esra Capanoglu3Mevsim Gida Sanayi ve Soguk Depo Ticaret A.S. (MVSM Foods) Bursa TurkeyDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam the NetherlandsDepartment of Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering Istanbul Okan University Tuzla TurkeyDepartment of Food Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Maslak TurkeyAbstract Recently, the interest in the application of cell viability assays has been increasing in various fields. Cell viability assays may be broadly classified as (a) dye exclusion assays, (b) colorimetric assays, (c) fluorometric assays, (d) luminometric assays, and (e) flow cytometric assays. Dye exclusion assays include trypan blue, eosin, congo red, and erythrosine B stain assays, whereas 3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐5‐(3‐carboxymethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(4‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium (MTS), 2,3‐bis‐(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitro‐5‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium‐5‐carboxanilide (XTT), 2‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐3‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐5‐(2,4‐disulfophenyl)‐2H tetrazolium, monosodium salt (WST‐1), 2‐(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitrophenyl)‐3‐(4‐nitrophenyl)‐5‐(2,4‐disulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium, monosodium salt (WST‐8), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), sulforhodamine B (SRB), neutral red uptake (NRU), and crystal violet stain (CVS) assays are among the colorimetric assays. Similarly, resazurin and 5‐carboxyfluorescein diacetate acetoxymethyl ester (5‐CFDA‐AM) assays are based on fluorometric measurements, whereas luminometric assays comprise adenosine triphosphate and real‐time viability assays. Major flow cytometric assays include membrane asymmetry, membrane permeability, and mitochondria assays. In this guideline, the mechanisms and the practice of assessment of the most common cell viability assays applied in research labs are discussed in detail. An ideal cell viability assay should be safe, rapid, reliable, efficient, and time‐ and cost‐effective, and should not interfere with the test compound. Overall, it can be concluded that more than one cell viability assay should be applied in order to obtain reliable results.https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.44annexin V stainingATP assayMTT assayresazurin assaytrypan blue stain assay |
| spellingShingle | Senem Kamiloglu Gulce Sari Tugba Ozdal Esra Capanoglu Guidelines for cell viability assays Food Frontiers annexin V staining ATP assay MTT assay resazurin assay trypan blue stain assay |
| title | Guidelines for cell viability assays |
| title_full | Guidelines for cell viability assays |
| title_fullStr | Guidelines for cell viability assays |
| title_full_unstemmed | Guidelines for cell viability assays |
| title_short | Guidelines for cell viability assays |
| title_sort | guidelines for cell viability assays |
| topic | annexin V staining ATP assay MTT assay resazurin assay trypan blue stain assay |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.44 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT senemkamiloglu guidelinesforcellviabilityassays AT gulcesari guidelinesforcellviabilityassays AT tugbaozdal guidelinesforcellviabilityassays AT esracapanoglu guidelinesforcellviabilityassays |