Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of Mexico
The genus <i>Amphidinium</i> Clap. & J. Lachm. comprises a high diversity of planktonic and benthic (epiphytic and sand-dwelling) dinoflagellates from marine and freshwater ecosystems. High morphological plasticity and vaguely defined genus characteristics (e.g., a small epicone size...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Phycology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9410/3/2/20 |
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| author | Lorena María Durán-Riveroll Oscar E. Juárez Yuri B. Okolodkov Ana Luisa Mejía-Camacho Fabiola Ramírez-Corona Dania Casanova-Gracia María del Carmen Osorio-Ramírez Victor A. Cervantes-Urieta Allan D. Cembella |
| author_facet | Lorena María Durán-Riveroll Oscar E. Juárez Yuri B. Okolodkov Ana Luisa Mejía-Camacho Fabiola Ramírez-Corona Dania Casanova-Gracia María del Carmen Osorio-Ramírez Victor A. Cervantes-Urieta Allan D. Cembella |
| author_sort | Lorena María Durán-Riveroll |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The genus <i>Amphidinium</i> Clap. & J. Lachm. comprises a high diversity of planktonic and benthic (epiphytic and sand-dwelling) dinoflagellates from marine and freshwater ecosystems. High morphological plasticity and vaguely defined genus characteristics (e.g., a small epicone size) have complicated the clear delineation of species boundaries. Although six <i>Amphidinium</i> morphospecies have been reported from Mexican coastal waters, species identifications are uncertain and not generally supported by molecular phylogenetic data. In this study, seven isolates of <i>Amphidinium</i> from diverse benthic coastal locations on the NE Pacific, Gulf of California, and southern Gulf of Mexico were subjected to critical morphological analysis using photonic and scanning electron microscopy. The phylogenetic reconstruction was based on nuclear-encoded, partial large-subunit (LSU) rDNA and internal transcribed spacer I and II (ITS1 and ITS2) sequences. The revised phylogenetic analysis was consistent with the traditional subdivision of the genus <i>Amphidinium</i> into two sister groups: Herdmanii and Operculatum clades. This study provided the first confirmed records of <i>A. theodorei</i> and <i>A. massartii</i> from coastal waters of Mexico. The molecular phylogenetic evidence indicated that the morphologically described <i>A</i>. cf. <i>carterae</i> from Baja California was in fact more closely allied with <i>A. eilatiensis</i> sequences. A few <i>Amphidinium</i> species are known to form toxigenic (i.e., fish-killing) harmful algal blooms worldwide, and therefore knowledge on species diversity and biogeography is critical in developing effective strategies for evaluating the potential emerging threat in Mexican coastal waters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:02:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d1de2b4a5dd94c10a20ba3b3ee0ec98e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-9410 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:02:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Phycology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1de2b4a5dd94c10a20ba3b3ee0ec98e2023-11-18T12:08:38ZengMDPI AGPhycology2673-94102023-05-013230532410.3390/phycology3020020Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of MexicoLorena María Durán-Riveroll0Oscar E. Juárez1Yuri B. Okolodkov2Ana Luisa Mejía-Camacho3Fabiola Ramírez-Corona4Dania Casanova-Gracia5María del Carmen Osorio-Ramírez6Victor A. Cervantes-Urieta7Allan D. Cembella8CONAHCYT, Departamento de Biotecnología Marina, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, MexicoPrograma de Acuicultura, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C., La Paz 23096, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Marinas y Pesquerías, Universidad Veracruzana, Boca del Río 94294, MexicoDivisión de Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City 05348, MexicoTaller de Sistemática y Biogeografía, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Cd Universitaria, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72592, MexicoDepartamento de Biotecnología Marina, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, MexicoPrograma de Doctorado en Recursos Naturales y Ecología, Facultad de Ecología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Acapulco 39390, MexicoAlfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, 27570 Bremerhaven, GermanyThe genus <i>Amphidinium</i> Clap. & J. Lachm. comprises a high diversity of planktonic and benthic (epiphytic and sand-dwelling) dinoflagellates from marine and freshwater ecosystems. High morphological plasticity and vaguely defined genus characteristics (e.g., a small epicone size) have complicated the clear delineation of species boundaries. Although six <i>Amphidinium</i> morphospecies have been reported from Mexican coastal waters, species identifications are uncertain and not generally supported by molecular phylogenetic data. In this study, seven isolates of <i>Amphidinium</i> from diverse benthic coastal locations on the NE Pacific, Gulf of California, and southern Gulf of Mexico were subjected to critical morphological analysis using photonic and scanning electron microscopy. The phylogenetic reconstruction was based on nuclear-encoded, partial large-subunit (LSU) rDNA and internal transcribed spacer I and II (ITS1 and ITS2) sequences. The revised phylogenetic analysis was consistent with the traditional subdivision of the genus <i>Amphidinium</i> into two sister groups: Herdmanii and Operculatum clades. This study provided the first confirmed records of <i>A. theodorei</i> and <i>A. massartii</i> from coastal waters of Mexico. The molecular phylogenetic evidence indicated that the morphologically described <i>A</i>. cf. <i>carterae</i> from Baja California was in fact more closely allied with <i>A. eilatiensis</i> sequences. A few <i>Amphidinium</i> species are known to form toxigenic (i.e., fish-killing) harmful algal blooms worldwide, and therefore knowledge on species diversity and biogeography is critical in developing effective strategies for evaluating the potential emerging threat in Mexican coastal waters.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9410/3/2/20amphidinialesbenthic dinoflagellateepiphytedinoflagellate phylogenylarge-subunit rDNAMP |
| spellingShingle | Lorena María Durán-Riveroll Oscar E. Juárez Yuri B. Okolodkov Ana Luisa Mejía-Camacho Fabiola Ramírez-Corona Dania Casanova-Gracia María del Carmen Osorio-Ramírez Victor A. Cervantes-Urieta Allan D. Cembella Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of Mexico Phycology amphidiniales benthic dinoflagellate epiphyte dinoflagellate phylogeny large-subunit rDNA MP |
| title | Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of Mexico |
| title_full | Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of Mexico |
| title_short | Morphological and Molecular Characterization of the Benthic Dinoflagellate <i>Amphidinium</i> from Coastal Waters of Mexico |
| title_sort | morphological and molecular characterization of the benthic dinoflagellate i amphidinium i from coastal waters of mexico |
| topic | amphidiniales benthic dinoflagellate epiphyte dinoflagellate phylogeny large-subunit rDNA MP |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-9410/3/2/20 |
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