Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature review
The root canal systems of maxillary second molar (MSM) variations are complicated, especially the prevalence of fused roots and consequent merged and C-shaped canals, which represent a clinical challenge because canal configurations can be irregular and unpredictable. The purpose of this article was...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402202268X |
| _version_ | 1797991717742313472 |
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| author | Zi-ang Sun Yong Jiang Kejing Wang Xiaomin Fan Wei Wang |
| author_facet | Zi-ang Sun Yong Jiang Kejing Wang Xiaomin Fan Wei Wang |
| author_sort | Zi-ang Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The root canal systems of maxillary second molar (MSM) variations are complicated, especially the prevalence of fused roots and consequent merged and C-shaped canals, which represent a clinical challenge because canal configurations can be irregular and unpredictable. The purpose of this article was to present 2 cases with a C-shaped configuration diagnosed during root canal retreatment and perform a literature review of this MSM anatomy. Case 1 reports that two palatal root canals fused into a C-shaped configuration that finally formed an apical foramen, which was classified as Type D. Case 2 reflects the fusion of the distobuccal canal and palatal canal into a C-shaped configuration and the configuration was Type C, which was first reported in a case report. Nonsurgical retreatments were proposed and conducted. Evaluation at a 24-month recall revealed that the two patients were symptom-free, and radiographic examination revealed normal periapical tissue. This report serves to remind clinicians of the complexities of the root canal system and that possible anatomic variation should always be anticipated when formulating an effective root canal treatment plan. The use of CBCT imaging coupled with an operative dental microscope will be helpful in locating and identifying supernumerary canals when a preoperative periapical radiograph shows signs of a fused-rooted MSM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:56:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d1e56fd5cb914cc9b2d37780a5986e2f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:56:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1e56fd5cb914cc9b2d37780a5986e2f2022-12-22T04:33:17ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402022-10-01810e10980Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature reviewZi-ang Sun0Yong Jiang1Kejing Wang2Xiaomin Fan3Wei Wang4State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China; School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China; Corresponding author.The root canal systems of maxillary second molar (MSM) variations are complicated, especially the prevalence of fused roots and consequent merged and C-shaped canals, which represent a clinical challenge because canal configurations can be irregular and unpredictable. The purpose of this article was to present 2 cases with a C-shaped configuration diagnosed during root canal retreatment and perform a literature review of this MSM anatomy. Case 1 reports that two palatal root canals fused into a C-shaped configuration that finally formed an apical foramen, which was classified as Type D. Case 2 reflects the fusion of the distobuccal canal and palatal canal into a C-shaped configuration and the configuration was Type C, which was first reported in a case report. Nonsurgical retreatments were proposed and conducted. Evaluation at a 24-month recall revealed that the two patients were symptom-free, and radiographic examination revealed normal periapical tissue. This report serves to remind clinicians of the complexities of the root canal system and that possible anatomic variation should always be anticipated when formulating an effective root canal treatment plan. The use of CBCT imaging coupled with an operative dental microscope will be helpful in locating and identifying supernumerary canals when a preoperative periapical radiograph shows signs of a fused-rooted MSM.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402202268XAnatomic variationC-shapedMaxillary molarRoot canal retreatment |
| spellingShingle | Zi-ang Sun Yong Jiang Kejing Wang Xiaomin Fan Wei Wang Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature review Heliyon Anatomic variation C-shaped Maxillary molar Root canal retreatment |
| title | Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature review |
| title_full | Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature review |
| title_fullStr | Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature review |
| title_short | Retreatment of a C-shaped maxillary second molar: case reports and literature review |
| title_sort | retreatment of a c shaped maxillary second molar case reports and literature review |
| topic | Anatomic variation C-shaped Maxillary molar Root canal retreatment |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402202268X |
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