Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment
Ultrafiltration membrane has been widely used for oily wastewater treatment application attributed to its cost-efficiency, ease of operation, and high separation performance. To achieve high membrane flux, the pores of the membrane need to be wetted, which can be attained by using hydrophilic membra...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/9/860 |
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| author | Teng Sam Yun Pei Ching Oh Moau Jian Toh Yun Kee Yap Qin Yi Te |
| author_facet | Teng Sam Yun Pei Ching Oh Moau Jian Toh Yun Kee Yap Qin Yi Te |
| author_sort | Teng Sam Yun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultrafiltration membrane has been widely used for oily wastewater treatment application attributed to its cost-efficiency, ease of operation, and high separation performance. To achieve high membrane flux, the pores of the membrane need to be wetted, which can be attained by using hydrophilic membrane. Nevertheless, conventional hydrophilic membrane suffered from inhomogeneous dispersion of nanofillers, causing a bottleneck in the membrane flux performance. This called for the need to enhance the dispersion of nanofillers within the polymeric matrix. In this work, in-house-fabricated hydrous manganese dioxide–aluminum oxide (HMO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was added into polyethersulfone (PES) dope solution to enhance the membrane flux through a xylem-inspired water transport mechanism on capillary action aided by cohesion force. Binary fillers HMO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> loading was optimized at 0.5:0.5 in achieving 169 nm membrane mean pore size. Membrane morphology confirmed the formation of macro-void in membrane structure, and this was probably caused by the hydrophilic nanofiller interfacial stress released in PES matrix during the phase inversion process. The superhydrophilic properties of PES 3 in achieving 0° water contact angle was supported by the energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, where it achieved high O element, Mn element, and Al elements of 39.68%, 0.94%, and 5.35%, respectively, indicating that the nanofillers were more homogeneously dispersed in PES matrix. The superhydrophilic property of PES 3 was further supported by high pure water flux at 245.95 L/m<sup>2</sup>.h.bar, which was 3428.70% higher than the pristine PES membrane, 197.1% higher than PES 1 incorporated with HMO nanofiller, and 854.00% higher than PES 5 incorporated with Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofillers. Moreover, the excellent membrane separation performance of PES 3 was achieved without compromising the oil rejection capability (98.27% rejection) with 12 g/L (12,000 ppm) oily wastewater. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:13:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d1e766094ea54c599427a7a068a4b74f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:13:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1e766094ea54c599427a7a068a4b74f2023-11-23T17:42:35ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752022-09-0112986010.3390/membranes12090860Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater TreatmentTeng Sam Yun0Pei Ching Oh1Moau Jian Toh2Yun Kee Yap3Qin Yi Te4Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaUltrafiltration membrane has been widely used for oily wastewater treatment application attributed to its cost-efficiency, ease of operation, and high separation performance. To achieve high membrane flux, the pores of the membrane need to be wetted, which can be attained by using hydrophilic membrane. Nevertheless, conventional hydrophilic membrane suffered from inhomogeneous dispersion of nanofillers, causing a bottleneck in the membrane flux performance. This called for the need to enhance the dispersion of nanofillers within the polymeric matrix. In this work, in-house-fabricated hydrous manganese dioxide–aluminum oxide (HMO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was added into polyethersulfone (PES) dope solution to enhance the membrane flux through a xylem-inspired water transport mechanism on capillary action aided by cohesion force. Binary fillers HMO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> loading was optimized at 0.5:0.5 in achieving 169 nm membrane mean pore size. Membrane morphology confirmed the formation of macro-void in membrane structure, and this was probably caused by the hydrophilic nanofiller interfacial stress released in PES matrix during the phase inversion process. The superhydrophilic properties of PES 3 in achieving 0° water contact angle was supported by the energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, where it achieved high O element, Mn element, and Al elements of 39.68%, 0.94%, and 5.35%, respectively, indicating that the nanofillers were more homogeneously dispersed in PES matrix. The superhydrophilic property of PES 3 was further supported by high pure water flux at 245.95 L/m<sup>2</sup>.h.bar, which was 3428.70% higher than the pristine PES membrane, 197.1% higher than PES 1 incorporated with HMO nanofiller, and 854.00% higher than PES 5 incorporated with Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofillers. Moreover, the excellent membrane separation performance of PES 3 was achieved without compromising the oil rejection capability (98.27% rejection) with 12 g/L (12,000 ppm) oily wastewater.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/9/860ultrafiltrationoily wastewatersuperhydrophilic mixed matrix membranehydrous manganese dioxidealuminum oxide |
| spellingShingle | Teng Sam Yun Pei Ching Oh Moau Jian Toh Yun Kee Yap Qin Yi Te Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment Membranes ultrafiltration oily wastewater superhydrophilic mixed matrix membrane hydrous manganese dioxide aluminum oxide |
| title | Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full | Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment |
| title_short | Xylem-Inspired Hydrous Manganese Dioxide/Aluminum Oxide/Polyethersulfone Mixed Matrix Membrane for Oily Wastewater Treatment |
| title_sort | xylem inspired hydrous manganese dioxide aluminum oxide polyethersulfone mixed matrix membrane for oily wastewater treatment |
| topic | ultrafiltration oily wastewater superhydrophilic mixed matrix membrane hydrous manganese dioxide aluminum oxide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/9/860 |
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