Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i>
Malpighian tubules (MTs) are arthropod excretory organs crucial for the osmoregulation, detoxification and excretion of xenobiotics and metabolic wastes, which include tryptophan degradation products along the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. Specifically, the toxic intermediate 3-hydroxy kynurenine (3-HK)...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Anna Cleta Croce Anna Garbelli Andrea Moyano Sara Soldano Carlos Tejeda-Guzmán Fanis Missirlis Francesca Scolari |
| author_facet | Anna Cleta Croce Anna Garbelli Andrea Moyano Sara Soldano Carlos Tejeda-Guzmán Fanis Missirlis Francesca Scolari |
| author_sort | Anna Cleta Croce |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malpighian tubules (MTs) are arthropod excretory organs crucial for the osmoregulation, detoxification and excretion of xenobiotics and metabolic wastes, which include tryptophan degradation products along the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. Specifically, the toxic intermediate 3-hydroxy kynurenine (3-HK) is metabolized through transamination to xanthurenic acid or in the synthesis of ommochrome pigments. Early investigations in <i>Drosophila</i> larval fat bodies revealed an intracellular autofluorescence (AF) that depended on tryptophan administration. Subsequent observations documented AF changes in the MTs of <i>Drosophila</i> eye-color mutants genetically affecting the conversion of tryptophan to KYN or 3-HK and the intracellular availability of zinc ions. In the present study, the AF properties of the MTs in the Asian tiger mosquito, <i>Aedes albopictus,</i> were characterized in different stages of the insect’s life cycle, tryptophan-administered larvae and blood-fed adult females. Confocal imaging and microspectroscopy showed AF changes in the distribution of intracellular, brilliant granules and in the emission spectral shape and amplitude between the proximal and distal segments of MTs across the different samples. The findings suggest AF can serve as a promising marker for investigating the functional status of MTs in response to metabolic alterations, contributing to the use of MTs as a potential research model in biomedicine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:05:43Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:05:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1eeb30d36cc401ead4e62f500b5ed302024-01-10T14:58:43ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-12-0125124510.3390/ijms25010245Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i>Anna Cleta Croce0Anna Garbelli1Andrea Moyano2Sara Soldano3Carlos Tejeda-Guzmán4Fanis Missirlis5Francesca Scolari6Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM CNR “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Genetics IGM CNR “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Genetics IGM CNR “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, ItalyInstitute of Molecular Genetics IGM CNR “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, ItalyDepartment of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Cinvestav, Mexico City 07360, MexicoDepartment of Physiology, Biophysics and Neuroscience, Cinvestav, Mexico City 07360, MexicoInstitute of Molecular Genetics IGM CNR “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”, Via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, ItalyMalpighian tubules (MTs) are arthropod excretory organs crucial for the osmoregulation, detoxification and excretion of xenobiotics and metabolic wastes, which include tryptophan degradation products along the kynurenine (KYN) pathway. Specifically, the toxic intermediate 3-hydroxy kynurenine (3-HK) is metabolized through transamination to xanthurenic acid or in the synthesis of ommochrome pigments. Early investigations in <i>Drosophila</i> larval fat bodies revealed an intracellular autofluorescence (AF) that depended on tryptophan administration. Subsequent observations documented AF changes in the MTs of <i>Drosophila</i> eye-color mutants genetically affecting the conversion of tryptophan to KYN or 3-HK and the intracellular availability of zinc ions. In the present study, the AF properties of the MTs in the Asian tiger mosquito, <i>Aedes albopictus,</i> were characterized in different stages of the insect’s life cycle, tryptophan-administered larvae and blood-fed adult females. Confocal imaging and microspectroscopy showed AF changes in the distribution of intracellular, brilliant granules and in the emission spectral shape and amplitude between the proximal and distal segments of MTs across the different samples. The findings suggest AF can serve as a promising marker for investigating the functional status of MTs in response to metabolic alterations, contributing to the use of MTs as a potential research model in biomedicine.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/245mosquito developmental stagesfluorescent granulesdietary intaketryptophanprincipal cellsconfocal microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Anna Cleta Croce Anna Garbelli Andrea Moyano Sara Soldano Carlos Tejeda-Guzmán Fanis Missirlis Francesca Scolari Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences mosquito developmental stages fluorescent granules dietary intake tryptophan principal cells confocal microscopy |
| title | Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i> |
| title_full | Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i> |
| title_fullStr | Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i> |
| title_short | Developmental and Nutritional Dynamics of Malpighian Tubule Autofluorescence in the Asian Tiger Mosquito <i>Aedes albopictus</i> |
| title_sort | developmental and nutritional dynamics of malpighian tubule autofluorescence in the asian tiger mosquito i aedes albopictus i |
| topic | mosquito developmental stages fluorescent granules dietary intake tryptophan principal cells confocal microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/245 |
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