The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric Surgery
Obesity affects 42.4% of adults and 19.3% of children in the United States. Childhood obesity drives many comorbidities including hypertension, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prior research suggests that aberrant compositional development of the gut microbiome, with low-grade inf...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15421 |
| _version_ | 1797463031258546176 |
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| author | Cynthia Omoge Akagbosu Evan Paul Nadler Shira Levy Suchitra Kaveri Hourigan |
| author_facet | Cynthia Omoge Akagbosu Evan Paul Nadler Shira Levy Suchitra Kaveri Hourigan |
| author_sort | Cynthia Omoge Akagbosu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity affects 42.4% of adults and 19.3% of children in the United States. Childhood obesity drives many comorbidities including hypertension, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prior research suggests that aberrant compositional development of the gut microbiome, with low-grade inflammation, precedes being overweight. Therefore, childhood may provide opportunities for interventions that shape the microbiome to mitigate obesity-related diseases. Children with obesity have gut microbiota compositional and functional differences, including increased proinflammatory bacterial taxa, compared to lean controls. Restoration of the gut microbiota to a healthy state may ameliorate conditions associated with obesity and help maintain a healthy weight. Pediatric bariatric (weight-loss) surgery is an effective treatment for childhood obesity; however, there is limited research into the role of the gut microbiome after weight-loss surgery in children. This review will discuss the magnitude of childhood obesity, the importance of the developing microbiome in establishing metabolic pathways, interventions such as bariatric surgery that may modulate the gut microbiome, and future directions for the potential development of microbiome-based therapeutics to treat obesity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:44:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d1f1fc0a7785445fb8774ee642f949b4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:44:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d1f1fc0a7785445fb8774ee642f949b42023-11-24T11:18:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-12-0123231542110.3390/ijms232315421The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric SurgeryCynthia Omoge Akagbosu0Evan Paul Nadler1Shira Levy2Suchitra Kaveri Hourigan3Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010, USADivision of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20010, USAClinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAClinical Microbiome Unit (CMU), Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAObesity affects 42.4% of adults and 19.3% of children in the United States. Childhood obesity drives many comorbidities including hypertension, fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prior research suggests that aberrant compositional development of the gut microbiome, with low-grade inflammation, precedes being overweight. Therefore, childhood may provide opportunities for interventions that shape the microbiome to mitigate obesity-related diseases. Children with obesity have gut microbiota compositional and functional differences, including increased proinflammatory bacterial taxa, compared to lean controls. Restoration of the gut microbiota to a healthy state may ameliorate conditions associated with obesity and help maintain a healthy weight. Pediatric bariatric (weight-loss) surgery is an effective treatment for childhood obesity; however, there is limited research into the role of the gut microbiome after weight-loss surgery in children. This review will discuss the magnitude of childhood obesity, the importance of the developing microbiome in establishing metabolic pathways, interventions such as bariatric surgery that may modulate the gut microbiome, and future directions for the potential development of microbiome-based therapeutics to treat obesity.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15421gut microbiotagut microbiomepediatric obesitybariatric surgerysleeve gastrectomyobesity treatment |
| spellingShingle | Cynthia Omoge Akagbosu Evan Paul Nadler Shira Levy Suchitra Kaveri Hourigan The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric Surgery International Journal of Molecular Sciences gut microbiota gut microbiome pediatric obesity bariatric surgery sleeve gastrectomy obesity treatment |
| title | The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric Surgery |
| title_full | The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric Surgery |
| title_fullStr | The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric Surgery |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric Surgery |
| title_short | The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Obesity and Bariatric Surgery |
| title_sort | role of the gut microbiome in pediatric obesity and bariatric surgery |
| topic | gut microbiota gut microbiome pediatric obesity bariatric surgery sleeve gastrectomy obesity treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/15421 |
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