A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by the presence of hypertension with the onset of either proteinuria, maternal organ or uteroplacental dysfunction. Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, the etiopatholog...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-03-01
|
| Series: | Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/4/62 |
| _version_ | 1797626563727982592 |
|---|---|
| author | Muhammad Aliff Mohamad Nur Fariha Mohd Manzor Noor Fadzilah Zulkifli Nurzaireena Zainal Abd Rahman Hayati Asral Wirda Ahmad Asnawi |
| author_facet | Muhammad Aliff Mohamad Nur Fariha Mohd Manzor Noor Fadzilah Zulkifli Nurzaireena Zainal Abd Rahman Hayati Asral Wirda Ahmad Asnawi |
| author_sort | Muhammad Aliff Mohamad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by the presence of hypertension with the onset of either proteinuria, maternal organ or uteroplacental dysfunction. Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, the etiopathologies of preeclampsia are not fully understood. Many studies have indicated that genes are differentially expressed between normal and in the disease state. Hence, this study systematically searched the literature on human gene expression that was differentially expressed in preeclampsia. An electronic search was performed through 2019 through PubMed, Scopus, Ovid-Medline, and Gene Expression Omnibus where the following MeSH (Medical Subject Heading) terms were used and they had been specified as the primary focus of the articles: Gene, placenta, preeclampsia, and pregnancy in the title or abstract. We also found additional MeSH terms through Cochrane Library: Transcript, sequencing, and profiling. From 687 studies retrieved from the search, only original publications that had performed high throughput sequencing of human placental tissues that reported on differentially expressed genes in pregnancies with preeclampsia were included. Two reviewers independently scrutinized the titles and abstracts before examining the eligibility of studies that met the inclusion criteria. For each study, study design, sample size, sampling type, and method for gene analysis and gene were identified. The genes listed were further analyzed with the DAVID, STRING and Cytoscape MCODE. Three original research articles involving preeclampsia comprising the datasets in gene expression were included. By combining three studies together, 250 differentially expressed genes were produced at a significance setting of <i>p</i> < 0.05. We identified candidate genes: LEP, NRIP1, SASH1, and ZADHHC8P1. Through GO analysis, we found extracellular matrix organization as the highly significant enriched ontology in a group of upregulated genes and immune process in downregulated genes. Studies on a genetic level have the potential to provide new insights into the regulation and to widen the basis for identification of changes in the mechanism of preeclampsia. Integrated bioinformatics could identify differentially expressed genes which could be candidate genes and potential pathways in preeclampsia that may improve our understanding of the cause and underlying molecular mechanisms that could be used as potential biomarkers for risk stratification and treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:12:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2028c8efd3a4547bb0ee30f954d28b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:12:12Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2028c8efd3a4547bb0ee30f954d28b72023-11-16T14:26:52ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372020-03-01946210.3390/biology9040062A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical AnalysisMuhammad Aliff Mohamad0Nur Fariha Mohd Manzor1Noor Fadzilah Zulkifli2Nurzaireena Zainal3Abd Rahman Hayati4Asral Wirda Ahmad Asnawi5Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 56100 Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, MalaysiaPreeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder characterized by the presence of hypertension with the onset of either proteinuria, maternal organ or uteroplacental dysfunction. Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity worldwide. However, the etiopathologies of preeclampsia are not fully understood. Many studies have indicated that genes are differentially expressed between normal and in the disease state. Hence, this study systematically searched the literature on human gene expression that was differentially expressed in preeclampsia. An electronic search was performed through 2019 through PubMed, Scopus, Ovid-Medline, and Gene Expression Omnibus where the following MeSH (Medical Subject Heading) terms were used and they had been specified as the primary focus of the articles: Gene, placenta, preeclampsia, and pregnancy in the title or abstract. We also found additional MeSH terms through Cochrane Library: Transcript, sequencing, and profiling. From 687 studies retrieved from the search, only original publications that had performed high throughput sequencing of human placental tissues that reported on differentially expressed genes in pregnancies with preeclampsia were included. Two reviewers independently scrutinized the titles and abstracts before examining the eligibility of studies that met the inclusion criteria. For each study, study design, sample size, sampling type, and method for gene analysis and gene were identified. The genes listed were further analyzed with the DAVID, STRING and Cytoscape MCODE. Three original research articles involving preeclampsia comprising the datasets in gene expression were included. By combining three studies together, 250 differentially expressed genes were produced at a significance setting of <i>p</i> < 0.05. We identified candidate genes: LEP, NRIP1, SASH1, and ZADHHC8P1. Through GO analysis, we found extracellular matrix organization as the highly significant enriched ontology in a group of upregulated genes and immune process in downregulated genes. Studies on a genetic level have the potential to provide new insights into the regulation and to widen the basis for identification of changes in the mechanism of preeclampsia. Integrated bioinformatics could identify differentially expressed genes which could be candidate genes and potential pathways in preeclampsia that may improve our understanding of the cause and underlying molecular mechanisms that could be used as potential biomarkers for risk stratification and treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/4/62placentapreeclampsiapregnancytranscriptsequencing and differentially expressed genes |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Aliff Mohamad Nur Fariha Mohd Manzor Noor Fadzilah Zulkifli Nurzaireena Zainal Abd Rahman Hayati Asral Wirda Ahmad Asnawi A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis Biology placenta preeclampsia pregnancy transcript sequencing and differentially expressed genes |
| title | A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis |
| title_full | A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis |
| title_fullStr | A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis |
| title_short | A Review of Candidate Genes and Pathways in Preeclampsia–An Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis |
| title_sort | review of candidate genes and pathways in preeclampsia an integrated bioinformatical analysis |
| topic | placenta preeclampsia pregnancy transcript sequencing and differentially expressed genes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/4/62 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT muhammadaliffmohamad areviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT nurfarihamohdmanzor areviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT noorfadzilahzulkifli areviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT nurzaireenazainal areviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT abdrahmanhayati areviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT asralwirdaahmadasnawi areviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT muhammadaliffmohamad reviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT nurfarihamohdmanzor reviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT noorfadzilahzulkifli reviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT nurzaireenazainal reviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT abdrahmanhayati reviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis AT asralwirdaahmadasnawi reviewofcandidategenesandpathwaysinpreeclampsiaanintegratedbioinformaticalanalysis |