Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation
Abstract Background Chronic periodontal disease is an infectious disease consisting of prolonged inflammation of the supporting tooth tissue and resulting in bone loss. Guided bone regeneration procedures have become common and safe treatments in dentistry, and in this context dental stem cells woul...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Stem Cell Research & Therapy |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13287-017-0633-z |
| _version_ | 1828850321606049792 |
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| author | Laura Tomasello Rodolfo Mauceri Antonina Coppola Maria Pitrone Giuseppe Pizzo Giuseppina Campisi Giuseppe Pizzolanti Carla Giordano |
| author_facet | Laura Tomasello Rodolfo Mauceri Antonina Coppola Maria Pitrone Giuseppe Pizzo Giuseppina Campisi Giuseppe Pizzolanti Carla Giordano |
| author_sort | Laura Tomasello |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Chronic periodontal disease is an infectious disease consisting of prolonged inflammation of the supporting tooth tissue and resulting in bone loss. Guided bone regeneration procedures have become common and safe treatments in dentistry, and in this context dental stem cells would represent the ideal solution as autologous cells. In this study, we verified the ability of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) harvested from periodontally affected teeth to produce new mineralized bone tissue in vitro, and compared this to cells from healthy teeth. Methods To characterize DPSCs and GMSCs, we assessed colony-forming assay, immunophenotyping, mesenchymal/stem cell phenotyping, stem gene profiling by means of flow cytometry, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The effects of proinflammatory cytokines on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and differentiation potential were investigated. We also observed participation of several heat shock proteins (HSPs) and actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) during osteogenic differentiation. Results DPSCs and GMSCs were successfully isolated both from periodontally affected dental tissue and controls. Periodontally affected dental MSCs proliferated faster, and the inflamed environment did not affect MSC marker expressions. The calcium deposition was higher in periodontally affected MSCs than in the control group. Proinflammatory cytokines activate a cytoskeleton remodeling, interacting with HSPs including HSP90 and HSPA9, thioredoxin-1, and ADFs such as as profilin-1, cofilin-1, and vinculin that probably mediate the increased acquisition in the inflamed environment. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that periodontally affected dental tissue (both pulp and gingiva) can be used as a source of MSCs with intact stem cell properties. Moreover, we demonstrated that the osteogenic capability of DPSCs and GMSCs in the test group was not only preserved but increased by the overexpression of several proinflammatory cytokine-dependent chaperones and stress response proteins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T23:09:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d21881eb964a4ff985c02f5e9736f312 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-6512 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T23:09:26Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Stem Cell Research & Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d21881eb964a4ff985c02f5e9736f3122022-12-22T00:08:37ZengBMCStem Cell Research & Therapy1757-65122017-08-018111510.1186/s13287-017-0633-zMesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formationLaura Tomasello0Rodolfo Mauceri1Antonina Coppola2Maria Pitrone3Giuseppe Pizzo4Giuseppina Campisi5Giuseppe Pizzolanti6Carla Giordano7Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of PalermoDepartment of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of PalermoLaboratory of Regenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of PalermoLaboratory of Regenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of PalermoDepartment of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of PalermoDepartment of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of PalermoLaboratory of Regenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of PalermoLaboratory of Regenerative Medicine “Aldo Galluzzo”, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University of PalermoAbstract Background Chronic periodontal disease is an infectious disease consisting of prolonged inflammation of the supporting tooth tissue and resulting in bone loss. Guided bone regeneration procedures have become common and safe treatments in dentistry, and in this context dental stem cells would represent the ideal solution as autologous cells. In this study, we verified the ability of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) harvested from periodontally affected teeth to produce new mineralized bone tissue in vitro, and compared this to cells from healthy teeth. Methods To characterize DPSCs and GMSCs, we assessed colony-forming assay, immunophenotyping, mesenchymal/stem cell phenotyping, stem gene profiling by means of flow cytometry, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The effects of proinflammatory cytokines on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation and differentiation potential were investigated. We also observed participation of several heat shock proteins (HSPs) and actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) during osteogenic differentiation. Results DPSCs and GMSCs were successfully isolated both from periodontally affected dental tissue and controls. Periodontally affected dental MSCs proliferated faster, and the inflamed environment did not affect MSC marker expressions. The calcium deposition was higher in periodontally affected MSCs than in the control group. Proinflammatory cytokines activate a cytoskeleton remodeling, interacting with HSPs including HSP90 and HSPA9, thioredoxin-1, and ADFs such as as profilin-1, cofilin-1, and vinculin that probably mediate the increased acquisition in the inflamed environment. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that periodontally affected dental tissue (both pulp and gingiva) can be used as a source of MSCs with intact stem cell properties. Moreover, we demonstrated that the osteogenic capability of DPSCs and GMSCs in the test group was not only preserved but increased by the overexpression of several proinflammatory cytokine-dependent chaperones and stress response proteins.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13287-017-0633-zInflammationDental diseasePulpal and gingival mesenchymal stem cellsBone formationHeat shock proteinADFs |
| spellingShingle | Laura Tomasello Rodolfo Mauceri Antonina Coppola Maria Pitrone Giuseppe Pizzo Giuseppina Campisi Giuseppe Pizzolanti Carla Giordano Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation Stem Cell Research & Therapy Inflammation Dental disease Pulpal and gingival mesenchymal stem cells Bone formation Heat shock protein ADFs |
| title | Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation |
| title_full | Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation |
| title_fullStr | Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation |
| title_short | Mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue: a potential application for bone formation |
| title_sort | mesenchymal stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulpal and gingival tissue a potential application for bone formation |
| topic | Inflammation Dental disease Pulpal and gingival mesenchymal stem cells Bone formation Heat shock protein ADFs |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13287-017-0633-z |
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