The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver diseases that may progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Host immune responses are important factors that determine whether HBV infection is cleared or persists. Natural killer (NK) cells represent the ma...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00258/full |
| _version_ | 1811254638499856384 |
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| author | Anita eSchuch Anita eSchuch Alexander eHoh Alexander eHoh Alexander eHoh Robert eThimme |
| author_facet | Anita eSchuch Anita eSchuch Alexander eHoh Alexander eHoh Alexander eHoh Robert eThimme |
| author_sort | Anita eSchuch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver diseases that may progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Host immune responses are important factors that determine whether HBV infection is cleared or persists. Natural killer (NK) cells represent the main effector population of the innate immune system and are abundant in the human liver. Recently, it has been demonstrated that NK cells not only exhibit antiviral functions but may also regulate adaptive immune responses by deletion of HBV-specific CD8+ T cells. It is well established that HBV-specific CD8+ T cells contribute to virus elimination. However, the mechanisms contributing to CD8+ T-cell failure in chronic HBV infection are not well understood. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about NK cells and CD8+ T cells and illustrate their contribution to viral clearance and persistence in HBV infection. Moreover, novel immunological in vitro model systems and techniques to analyze HBV-specific CD8+ T cells, which are barely detectable using current multimer staining methods, will be discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:10:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d224d1a6436e40aea1b9638e9bd7f8e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:10:36Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d224d1a6436e40aea1b9638e9bd7f8e32022-12-22T03:23:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242014-06-01510.3389/fimmu.2014.0025896064The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infectionAnita eSchuch0Anita eSchuch1Alexander eHoh2Alexander eHoh3Alexander eHoh4Robert eThimme5University Hospital FreiburgAlbert-Ludwigs-UniversitätUniversity Hospital FreiburgAlbert-Ludwigs-UniversitätAlbert-Ludwigs-UniversitätUniversity Hospital FreiburgHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver diseases that may progress to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Host immune responses are important factors that determine whether HBV infection is cleared or persists. Natural killer (NK) cells represent the main effector population of the innate immune system and are abundant in the human liver. Recently, it has been demonstrated that NK cells not only exhibit antiviral functions but may also regulate adaptive immune responses by deletion of HBV-specific CD8+ T cells. It is well established that HBV-specific CD8+ T cells contribute to virus elimination. However, the mechanisms contributing to CD8+ T-cell failure in chronic HBV infection are not well understood. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about NK cells and CD8+ T cells and illustrate their contribution to viral clearance and persistence in HBV infection. Moreover, novel immunological in vitro model systems and techniques to analyze HBV-specific CD8+ T cells, which are barely detectable using current multimer staining methods, will be discussed.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00258/fullHepatitis B virusCD8+ T cellsNatural Killer cellsfunctional dichotomyT-cell failure |
| spellingShingle | Anita eSchuch Anita eSchuch Alexander eHoh Alexander eHoh Alexander eHoh Robert eThimme The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection Frontiers in Immunology Hepatitis B virus CD8+ T cells Natural Killer cells functional dichotomy T-cell failure |
| title | The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection |
| title_full | The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection |
| title_fullStr | The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection |
| title_short | The role of natural killer cells and CD8+ T cells in hepatitis B virus infection |
| title_sort | role of natural killer cells and cd8 t cells in hepatitis b virus infection |
| topic | Hepatitis B virus CD8+ T cells Natural Killer cells functional dichotomy T-cell failure |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00258/full |
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