Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation Coverage
To explore the characteristics of overland flow resistance under the condition of sparse vegetative stem coverage and improve the basic theoretical research of overland flow, the resistance characteristics of overland flow were systematically investigated under four slope gradients (<i>S</i...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/12/1657 |
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| author | Jingzhou Zhang Shengtang Zhang Si Chen Ming Liu Xuefeng Xu Jiansen Zhou Wenjun Wang Lijun Ma Chuantao Wang |
| author_facet | Jingzhou Zhang Shengtang Zhang Si Chen Ming Liu Xuefeng Xu Jiansen Zhou Wenjun Wang Lijun Ma Chuantao Wang |
| author_sort | Jingzhou Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To explore the characteristics of overland flow resistance under the condition of sparse vegetative stem coverage and improve the basic theoretical research of overland flow, the resistance characteristics of overland flow were systematically investigated under four slope gradients (<i>S</i>), seven flow discharges (<i>Q</i>), and six degrees of vegetation coverage (<i>Cr</i>). The results show that the Manning roughness coefficient (<i>n</i>) changes with the ratio of water depth to vegetation height (<i>h</i>/<i>hv</i>) while the Reynolds number (<i>Re</i>), Froude number (<i>Fr</i>), and slope (<i>S</i>) are closely related to vegetation coverage. Meanwhile, <i>h</i>/<i>hv</i>, <i>Re</i>, and <i>Cr</i> have strong positive correlations with <i>n</i>, while <i>Fr</i> and <i>S</i> have strong negative correlations with <i>n</i>. Through data regression analysis, a power function relationship between <i>n</i> and hydraulic parameters was observed and sensitivity analysis was performed. It was concluded that the relationship between <i>n</i> and <i>h</i>/<i>hv</i>, <i>Re</i>, <i>Cr</i>, <i>Q</i>, and <i>S</i> shows the same law; in particular, for sparse stem vegetation coverage, <i>Cr</i> is the dominant factor affecting overland flow resistance under zero slope condition, while <i>Cr</i> is no longer the first dominant factor affecting overland flow resistance under non-zero slope condition. In the relationship between <i>n</i> and <i>Fr</i>, <i>Cr</i> has the least effect on overland flow resistance. This indicates that when Manning roughness coefficient is correlated with different hydraulic parameters, the same vegetation coverage has different effects on overland flow resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to study overland flow resistance under the condition of sparse stalk vegetation coverage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:26:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d22fd78e22b94c0aa1863db7d7e1ee0f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:26:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-d22fd78e22b94c0aa1863db7d7e1ee0f2023-11-22T00:00:28ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-06-011312165710.3390/w13121657Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation CoverageJingzhou Zhang0Shengtang Zhang1Si Chen2Ming Liu3Xuefeng Xu4Jiansen Zhou5Wenjun Wang6Lijun Ma7Chuantao Wang8College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaTo explore the characteristics of overland flow resistance under the condition of sparse vegetative stem coverage and improve the basic theoretical research of overland flow, the resistance characteristics of overland flow were systematically investigated under four slope gradients (<i>S</i>), seven flow discharges (<i>Q</i>), and six degrees of vegetation coverage (<i>Cr</i>). The results show that the Manning roughness coefficient (<i>n</i>) changes with the ratio of water depth to vegetation height (<i>h</i>/<i>hv</i>) while the Reynolds number (<i>Re</i>), Froude number (<i>Fr</i>), and slope (<i>S</i>) are closely related to vegetation coverage. Meanwhile, <i>h</i>/<i>hv</i>, <i>Re</i>, and <i>Cr</i> have strong positive correlations with <i>n</i>, while <i>Fr</i> and <i>S</i> have strong negative correlations with <i>n</i>. Through data regression analysis, a power function relationship between <i>n</i> and hydraulic parameters was observed and sensitivity analysis was performed. It was concluded that the relationship between <i>n</i> and <i>h</i>/<i>hv</i>, <i>Re</i>, <i>Cr</i>, <i>Q</i>, and <i>S</i> shows the same law; in particular, for sparse stem vegetation coverage, <i>Cr</i> is the dominant factor affecting overland flow resistance under zero slope condition, while <i>Cr</i> is no longer the first dominant factor affecting overland flow resistance under non-zero slope condition. In the relationship between <i>n</i> and <i>Fr</i>, <i>Cr</i> has the least effect on overland flow resistance. This indicates that when Manning roughness coefficient is correlated with different hydraulic parameters, the same vegetation coverage has different effects on overland flow resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to study overland flow resistance under the condition of sparse stalk vegetation coverage.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/12/1657overland flowsparse vegetationvegetation coverageresistance lawsensitivity analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jingzhou Zhang Shengtang Zhang Si Chen Ming Liu Xuefeng Xu Jiansen Zhou Wenjun Wang Lijun Ma Chuantao Wang Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation Coverage Water overland flow sparse vegetation vegetation coverage resistance law sensitivity analysis |
| title | Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation Coverage |
| title_full | Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation Coverage |
| title_fullStr | Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation Coverage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation Coverage |
| title_short | Overland Flow Resistance Law under Sparse Stem Vegetation Coverage |
| title_sort | overland flow resistance law under sparse stem vegetation coverage |
| topic | overland flow sparse vegetation vegetation coverage resistance law sensitivity analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/12/1657 |
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