Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages
Deep-sea sponge grounds are underexplored ecosystems that provide numerous goods and services to the functioning of the deep-sea. This study assessed the prokaryotic diversity in embryos, recruits, and adults of Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens, common and abundant representatives of de...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00674/full |
| _version_ | 1818282633133555712 |
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| author | Kathrin Busch Erik Wurz Hans Tore Rapp Kristina Bayer Andre Franke Ute Hentschel Ute Hentschel |
| author_facet | Kathrin Busch Erik Wurz Hans Tore Rapp Kristina Bayer Andre Franke Ute Hentschel Ute Hentschel |
| author_sort | Kathrin Busch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deep-sea sponge grounds are underexplored ecosystems that provide numerous goods and services to the functioning of the deep-sea. This study assessed the prokaryotic diversity in embryos, recruits, and adults of Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens, common and abundant representatives of deep-sea sponge grounds in the North Atlantic. Our results reveal that symbiont transmission in the two Craniella sponge species likely occurs vertically, as highly similar microbial consortia have been identified in adults, embryos, and recruits. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy revealed high abundances of sponge-associated microorganisms, among which Chloroflexi (SAR202) were identified as common representatives by amplicon sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Equal diversity metrices, a similar overall prokaryotic community composition and a distinct dominance of the phylum Chloroflexi within all life stages are the key findings of our analyses. Information such as presented here provide understanding on the recruitment of deep-sea sponge holobionts which is needed to develop integrated management tools of such vulnerable marine ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:24:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d235b1d0dfd6473289e9903b3cc6c5f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:24:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d235b1d0dfd6473289e9903b3cc6c5f22022-12-22T00:05:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452020-08-01710.3389/fmars.2020.00674545075Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life StagesKathrin Busch0Erik Wurz1Hans Tore Rapp2Kristina Bayer3Andre Franke4Ute Hentschel5Ute Hentschel6GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, GermanyMarine Animal Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, NetherlandsDepartment of Biological Sciences, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Deep Sea Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, NorwayGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, GermanyInstitute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel, GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, GermanyFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, GermanyDeep-sea sponge grounds are underexplored ecosystems that provide numerous goods and services to the functioning of the deep-sea. This study assessed the prokaryotic diversity in embryos, recruits, and adults of Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens, common and abundant representatives of deep-sea sponge grounds in the North Atlantic. Our results reveal that symbiont transmission in the two Craniella sponge species likely occurs vertically, as highly similar microbial consortia have been identified in adults, embryos, and recruits. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy revealed high abundances of sponge-associated microorganisms, among which Chloroflexi (SAR202) were identified as common representatives by amplicon sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Equal diversity metrices, a similar overall prokaryotic community composition and a distinct dominance of the phylum Chloroflexi within all life stages are the key findings of our analyses. Information such as presented here provide understanding on the recruitment of deep-sea sponge holobionts which is needed to develop integrated management tools of such vulnerable marine ecosystems.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00674/fullvulnerable marine ecosystemsspongesCraniellaChloroflexisymbiosisearly life stages |
| spellingShingle | Kathrin Busch Erik Wurz Hans Tore Rapp Kristina Bayer Andre Franke Ute Hentschel Ute Hentschel Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages Frontiers in Marine Science vulnerable marine ecosystems sponges Craniella Chloroflexi symbiosis early life stages |
| title | Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages |
| title_full | Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages |
| title_fullStr | Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages |
| title_short | Chloroflexi Dominate the Deep-Sea Golf Ball Sponges Craniella zetlandica and Craniella infrequens Throughout Different Life Stages |
| title_sort | chloroflexi dominate the deep sea golf ball sponges craniella zetlandica and craniella infrequens throughout different life stages |
| topic | vulnerable marine ecosystems sponges Craniella Chloroflexi symbiosis early life stages |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2020.00674/full |
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