Spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields
Abstract The interplay between free electrons, light, and matter offers unique prospects for space, time, and energy resolved optical material characterization, structured light generation, and quantum information processing. Here, we study the nanoscale features of spontaneous and stimulated electr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Light: Science & Applications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00511-y |
| _version_ | 1828143581162897408 |
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| author | Matthias Liebtrau Murat Sivis Armin Feist Hugo Lourenço-Martins Nicolas Pazos-Pérez Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla F. Javier García de Abajo Albert Polman Claus Ropers |
| author_facet | Matthias Liebtrau Murat Sivis Armin Feist Hugo Lourenço-Martins Nicolas Pazos-Pérez Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla F. Javier García de Abajo Albert Polman Claus Ropers |
| author_sort | Matthias Liebtrau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The interplay between free electrons, light, and matter offers unique prospects for space, time, and energy resolved optical material characterization, structured light generation, and quantum information processing. Here, we study the nanoscale features of spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions mediated by localized surface plasmon resonances at the tips of a gold nanostar using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (CL), and photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM). Supported by numerical electromagnetic boundary-element method (BEM) calculations, we show that the different coupling mechanisms probed by EELS, CL, and PINEM feature the same spatial dependence on the electric field distribution of the tip modes. However, the electron–photon interaction strength is found to vary with the incident electron velocity, as determined by the spatial Fourier transform of the electric near-field component parallel to the electron trajectory. For the tightly confined plasmonic tip resonances, our calculations suggest an optimum coupling velocity at electron energies as low as a few keV. Our results are discussed in the context of more complex geometries supporting multiple modes with spatial and spectral overlap. We provide fundamental insights into spontaneous and stimulated electron-light-matter interactions with key implications for research on (quantum) coherent optical phenomena at the nanoscale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:58:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d23e10211a5a41be979658527d11c627 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-7538 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:58:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Light: Science & Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-d23e10211a5a41be979658527d11c6272022-12-22T04:05:47ZengNature Publishing GroupLight: Science & Applications2047-75382021-04-0110111410.1038/s41377-021-00511-ySpontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fieldsMatthias Liebtrau0Murat Sivis1Armin Feist2Hugo Lourenço-Martins3Nicolas Pazos-Pérez4Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla5F. Javier García de Abajo6Albert Polman7Claus Ropers8Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF4th Physical Institute–Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen4th Physical Institute–Solids and Nanostructures, University of Göttingen4th Physical Institute–Solids and Nanostructures, University of GöttingenDepartment of Physical Chemistry and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliDepartment of Physical Chemistry and EMaS, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliICREA–Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis AvançatsCenter for Nanophotonics, AMOLF4th Physical Institute–Solids and Nanostructures, University of GöttingenAbstract The interplay between free electrons, light, and matter offers unique prospects for space, time, and energy resolved optical material characterization, structured light generation, and quantum information processing. Here, we study the nanoscale features of spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions mediated by localized surface plasmon resonances at the tips of a gold nanostar using electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (CL), and photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM). Supported by numerical electromagnetic boundary-element method (BEM) calculations, we show that the different coupling mechanisms probed by EELS, CL, and PINEM feature the same spatial dependence on the electric field distribution of the tip modes. However, the electron–photon interaction strength is found to vary with the incident electron velocity, as determined by the spatial Fourier transform of the electric near-field component parallel to the electron trajectory. For the tightly confined plasmonic tip resonances, our calculations suggest an optimum coupling velocity at electron energies as low as a few keV. Our results are discussed in the context of more complex geometries supporting multiple modes with spatial and spectral overlap. We provide fundamental insights into spontaneous and stimulated electron-light-matter interactions with key implications for research on (quantum) coherent optical phenomena at the nanoscale.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00511-y |
| spellingShingle | Matthias Liebtrau Murat Sivis Armin Feist Hugo Lourenço-Martins Nicolas Pazos-Pérez Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla F. Javier García de Abajo Albert Polman Claus Ropers Spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields Light: Science & Applications |
| title | Spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields |
| title_full | Spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields |
| title_fullStr | Spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields |
| title_short | Spontaneous and stimulated electron–photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields |
| title_sort | spontaneous and stimulated electron photon interactions in nanoscale plasmonic near fields |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00511-y |
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