Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as Additives
Soluble phosphates are the most common sources currently used in crop production in tropical soils; however, they present low efficiency and are more expensive than natural rock phosphates. The objective was to develop new phosphate fertilizers with slow solubility through the partial acidification...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/7/918 |
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| author | Ana Paula Bettoni Teles Marcos Rodrigues Paulo Sergio Pavinato |
| author_facet | Ana Paula Bettoni Teles Marcos Rodrigues Paulo Sergio Pavinato |
| author_sort | Ana Paula Bettoni Teles |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soluble phosphates are the most common sources currently used in crop production in tropical soils; however, they present low efficiency and are more expensive than natural rock phosphates. The objective was to develop new phosphate fertilizers with slow solubility through the partial acidification of rock phosphates (RPs), incorporating materials with adsorption characteristics to favor slow dissolution and prevent phosphorus (P) fixation in the soil. Three rock phosphates, Araxá (ARP), Bayovar (BRP) and Morocco (MRP), were evaluated at two acidulation levels (25 and 50% Ac.) and two additives; pillared clays (PILC) and zeolites (Zeo), plus triple superphosphate (TSP) and a control (nil-P). The soil diffusion was evaluated in concentric rings in Petri dishes. Solubility was evaluated in leaching columns and sampled in layers from surface for P forms in the soil profile. The relative agronomic efficiency (RAE) was evaluated in maize. Greater diffusion was provided by TSP, followed by BRP and MRP both with 50% Ac. + Zeo, and MRP with 50% Ac. + PILC. Percolated P was more pronounced under TSP, followed by RPs (BRP and MRP) with 50% Ac. + Zeo. BRP and MRP + 50% Ac. were the most promising sources with RAE above 74% compared to TSP. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:51:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2450283d977413982d286ba440aafe4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:51:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2450283d977413982d286ba440aafe42023-11-20T05:06:32ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952020-06-0110791810.3390/agronomy10070918Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as AdditivesAna Paula Bettoni Teles0Marcos Rodrigues1Paulo Sergio Pavinato2College of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz—ESALQ-USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba-SP 13418-900, BrazilCollege of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz—ESALQ-USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba-SP 13418-900, BrazilCollege of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz—ESALQ-USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba-SP 13418-900, BrazilSoluble phosphates are the most common sources currently used in crop production in tropical soils; however, they present low efficiency and are more expensive than natural rock phosphates. The objective was to develop new phosphate fertilizers with slow solubility through the partial acidification of rock phosphates (RPs), incorporating materials with adsorption characteristics to favor slow dissolution and prevent phosphorus (P) fixation in the soil. Three rock phosphates, Araxá (ARP), Bayovar (BRP) and Morocco (MRP), were evaluated at two acidulation levels (25 and 50% Ac.) and two additives; pillared clays (PILC) and zeolites (Zeo), plus triple superphosphate (TSP) and a control (nil-P). The soil diffusion was evaluated in concentric rings in Petri dishes. Solubility was evaluated in leaching columns and sampled in layers from surface for P forms in the soil profile. The relative agronomic efficiency (RAE) was evaluated in maize. Greater diffusion was provided by TSP, followed by BRP and MRP both with 50% Ac. + Zeo, and MRP with 50% Ac. + PILC. Percolated P was more pronounced under TSP, followed by RPs (BRP and MRP) with 50% Ac. + Zeo. BRP and MRP + 50% Ac. were the most promising sources with RAE above 74% compared to TSP.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/7/918phosphorus sourcesP solubilizationP acidulationrelative agronomic efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Ana Paula Bettoni Teles Marcos Rodrigues Paulo Sergio Pavinato Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as Additives Agronomy phosphorus sources P solubilization P acidulation relative agronomic efficiency |
| title | Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as Additives |
| title_full | Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as Additives |
| title_fullStr | Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as Additives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as Additives |
| title_short | Solubility and Efficiency of Rock Phosphate Fertilizers Partially Acidulated with Zeolite and Pillared Clay as Additives |
| title_sort | solubility and efficiency of rock phosphate fertilizers partially acidulated with zeolite and pillared clay as additives |
| topic | phosphorus sources P solubilization P acidulation relative agronomic efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/10/7/918 |
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