A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots
Young eclipsing binaries (EBs) are powerful probes of early stellar evolution. Current models are unable to simultaneously reproduce the measured and derived properties that are accessible for EB systems (e.g., mass, radius, temperature, and luminosity). In this study we add a benchmark EB to the pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astronomical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca60f |
| _version_ | 1827826794243293184 |
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| author | Benjamin M. Tofflemire Adam L. Kraus Andrew W. Mann Elisabeth R. Newton Michael A. Gully-Santiago Andrew Vanderburg William C. Waalkes Zachory K. Berta-Thompson Kevin I. Collins Karen A. Collins Louise D. Nielsen François Bouchy Carl Ziegler César Briceño Nicholas M. Law |
| author_facet | Benjamin M. Tofflemire Adam L. Kraus Andrew W. Mann Elisabeth R. Newton Michael A. Gully-Santiago Andrew Vanderburg William C. Waalkes Zachory K. Berta-Thompson Kevin I. Collins Karen A. Collins Louise D. Nielsen François Bouchy Carl Ziegler César Briceño Nicholas M. Law |
| author_sort | Benjamin M. Tofflemire |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Young eclipsing binaries (EBs) are powerful probes of early stellar evolution. Current models are unable to simultaneously reproduce the measured and derived properties that are accessible for EB systems (e.g., mass, radius, temperature, and luminosity). In this study we add a benchmark EB to the pre-main-sequence population with our characterization of TOI 450 (TIC 77951245). Using Gaia astrometry to identify its comoving, coeval companions, we confirm TOI 450 is a member of the ∼40 Myr Columba association. This eccentric ( e = 0.2969), equal-mass ( q = 1.000) system provides only one grazing eclipse. Despite this, our analysis achieves the precision of a double-eclipsing system by leveraging information in our high-resolution spectra to place priors on the surface-brightness and radius ratios. We also introduce a framework to include the effect of star spots on the observed eclipse depths. Multicolor eclipse light curves play a critical role in breaking degeneracies between the effects of star spots and limb-darkening. Including star spots reduces the derived radii by ∼2% from a unspotted model (>2 σ ) and inflates the formal uncertainty in accordance with our lack of knowledge regarding the starspot orientation. We derive masses of 0.1768( ± 0.0004) and 0.1767( ± 0.0003) M _⊙ , and radii of 0.345(±0.006) and 0.346(±0.006) R _⊙ for the primary and secondary, respectively. We compare these measurements to multiple stellar evolution isochones, finding good agreement with the association age. The MESA MIST and SPOTS ( f _s = 0.17) isochrones perform the best across our comparisons, but detailed agreement depends heavily on the quantities being compared. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:17:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d24a2918b7144ab39defb90abd410a10 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-3881 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:17:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astronomical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-d24a2918b7144ab39defb90abd410a102023-09-03T14:08:26ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812023-01-0116524610.3847/1538-3881/aca60fA Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star SpotsBenjamin M. Tofflemire0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2053-0749Adam L. Kraus1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9811-568XAndrew W. Mann2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3654-1602Elisabeth R. Newton3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4150-841XMichael A. Gully-Santiago4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-3457Andrew Vanderburg5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-5438William C. Waalkes6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8961-0352Zachory K. Berta-Thompson7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3321-4924Kevin I. Collins8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-3207Karen A. Collins9https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6588-9574Louise D. Nielsen10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5254-2499François Bouchy11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7613-393XCarl Ziegler12https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0619-7639César Briceño13https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7124-4094Nicholas M. Law14https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9380-6457Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA ; tofflemire@utexas.eduDepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA ; tofflemire@utexas.eduDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College , Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USADepartment of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA ; tofflemire@utexas.eduDepartment of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USADepartment of Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder , 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309, USADepartment of Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder , 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309, USAGeorge Mason University , 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030 USACenter for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAEuropean Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschild-Straße 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, GermanyDepartement d’astronomie, Université de Genéve , Chemin Pegasi, 51, CH-1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandDepartment of Physics, Engineering and Astronomy, Stephen F. Austin State University , 1936 North Street, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USACerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory , Casilla 603, La Serena, ChileDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USAYoung eclipsing binaries (EBs) are powerful probes of early stellar evolution. Current models are unable to simultaneously reproduce the measured and derived properties that are accessible for EB systems (e.g., mass, radius, temperature, and luminosity). In this study we add a benchmark EB to the pre-main-sequence population with our characterization of TOI 450 (TIC 77951245). Using Gaia astrometry to identify its comoving, coeval companions, we confirm TOI 450 is a member of the ∼40 Myr Columba association. This eccentric ( e = 0.2969), equal-mass ( q = 1.000) system provides only one grazing eclipse. Despite this, our analysis achieves the precision of a double-eclipsing system by leveraging information in our high-resolution spectra to place priors on the surface-brightness and radius ratios. We also introduce a framework to include the effect of star spots on the observed eclipse depths. Multicolor eclipse light curves play a critical role in breaking degeneracies between the effects of star spots and limb-darkening. Including star spots reduces the derived radii by ∼2% from a unspotted model (>2 σ ) and inflates the formal uncertainty in accordance with our lack of knowledge regarding the starspot orientation. We derive masses of 0.1768( ± 0.0004) and 0.1767( ± 0.0003) M _⊙ , and radii of 0.345(±0.006) and 0.346(±0.006) R _⊙ for the primary and secondary, respectively. We compare these measurements to multiple stellar evolution isochones, finding good agreement with the association age. The MESA MIST and SPOTS ( f _s = 0.17) isochrones perform the best across our comparisons, but detailed agreement depends heavily on the quantities being compared.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca60fM starsEclipsing binary starsStarspotsPre-main sequence stars |
| spellingShingle | Benjamin M. Tofflemire Adam L. Kraus Andrew W. Mann Elisabeth R. Newton Michael A. Gully-Santiago Andrew Vanderburg William C. Waalkes Zachory K. Berta-Thompson Kevin I. Collins Karen A. Collins Louise D. Nielsen François Bouchy Carl Ziegler César Briceño Nicholas M. Law A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots The Astronomical Journal M stars Eclipsing binary stars Starspots Pre-main sequence stars |
| title | A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots |
| title_full | A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots |
| title_fullStr | A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots |
| title_short | A Low-mass, Pre-main-sequence Eclipsing Binary in the 40 Myr Columba Association—Fundamental Stellar Parameters and Modeling the Effect of Star Spots |
| title_sort | low mass pre main sequence eclipsing binary in the 40 myr columba association fundamental stellar parameters and modeling the effect of star spots |
| topic | M stars Eclipsing binary stars Starspots Pre-main sequence stars |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca60f |
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