The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
We investigated humoral and T-cell response to a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients (SOT-Rs) and healthy donors (HDs) before (T0) and after two (T1) and twelve months (T2) since the third dose administration. SOT-Rs were stratified according to the transplanted organ and to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/224 |
| _version_ | 1827304879649980416 |
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| author | Maria Antonella Zingaropoli Mariasilvia Guardiani Federica Dominelli Eeva Tortellini Manuela Garofalo Francesco Cogliati Dezza Anastasia Centofanti Carolina Carillo Anna Napoli Federico Venuta Claudio Maria Mastroianni Renzo Pretagostini Miriam Lichtner Maria Rosa Ciardi Gianluca Russo |
| author_facet | Maria Antonella Zingaropoli Mariasilvia Guardiani Federica Dominelli Eeva Tortellini Manuela Garofalo Francesco Cogliati Dezza Anastasia Centofanti Carolina Carillo Anna Napoli Federico Venuta Claudio Maria Mastroianni Renzo Pretagostini Miriam Lichtner Maria Rosa Ciardi Gianluca Russo |
| author_sort | Maria Antonella Zingaropoli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We investigated humoral and T-cell response to a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients (SOT-Rs) and healthy donors (HDs) before (T0) and after two (T1) and twelve months (T2) since the third dose administration. SOT-Rs were stratified according to the transplanted organ and to the time elapsed since the transplant. In SOT-Rs, detectable levels of anti-S antibodies were observed in 44%, 81% and 88% at T0, T1 and T2, respectively. Conversely, anti-S antibody levels were detected in 100% of HD at all time points. Lower antibody titers were observed in SOT-Rs compared to HDs, even stratifying by transplanted organs and the time elapsed since transplant. Lower percentages of responding and polyfunctional T-cells were observed in SOT-Rs as well as in each subgroup of SOT-Rs compared to HDs. At both T0 and T1, in SOT-Rs, a predominance of one cytokine production shortly was observed. Conversely, at T2, a dynamic change in the T-cells subset distribution was observed, similar to what was observed in HDs. In SOT-Rs, the third dose increased the rate of seroconversion, although anti-S levels remained lower compared to HDs, and a qualitatively inferior T-cell response to vaccination was observed. Vaccine effectiveness in SOT-Rs is still suboptimal and might be improved by booster doses and prophylactic strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:47:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2650cfcc544474b8665b5707e24fa04 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:47:42Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2650cfcc544474b8665b5707e24fa042024-03-27T14:06:51ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2024-02-0112322410.3390/vaccines12030224The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant RecipientsMaria Antonella Zingaropoli0Mariasilvia Guardiani1Federica Dominelli2Eeva Tortellini3Manuela Garofalo4Francesco Cogliati Dezza5Anastasia Centofanti6Carolina Carillo7Anna Napoli8Federico Venuta9Claudio Maria Mastroianni10Renzo Pretagostini11Miriam Lichtner12Maria Rosa Ciardi13Gianluca Russo14Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyGeneral Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of General and Specialistic Surgery “Paride Stefanini”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of General and Specialistic Surgery “Paride Stefanini”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of General and Specialistic Surgery “Paride Stefanini”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyGeneral Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sense Organs, NESMOS, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyWe investigated humoral and T-cell response to a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in solid organ transplant recipients (SOT-Rs) and healthy donors (HDs) before (T0) and after two (T1) and twelve months (T2) since the third dose administration. SOT-Rs were stratified according to the transplanted organ and to the time elapsed since the transplant. In SOT-Rs, detectable levels of anti-S antibodies were observed in 44%, 81% and 88% at T0, T1 and T2, respectively. Conversely, anti-S antibody levels were detected in 100% of HD at all time points. Lower antibody titers were observed in SOT-Rs compared to HDs, even stratifying by transplanted organs and the time elapsed since transplant. Lower percentages of responding and polyfunctional T-cells were observed in SOT-Rs as well as in each subgroup of SOT-Rs compared to HDs. At both T0 and T1, in SOT-Rs, a predominance of one cytokine production shortly was observed. Conversely, at T2, a dynamic change in the T-cells subset distribution was observed, similar to what was observed in HDs. In SOT-Rs, the third dose increased the rate of seroconversion, although anti-S levels remained lower compared to HDs, and a qualitatively inferior T-cell response to vaccination was observed. Vaccine effectiveness in SOT-Rs is still suboptimal and might be improved by booster doses and prophylactic strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/224SOT-Rshumoral responseT-cell responseBNT162b2 vaccineanti-spike antibodyflow-cytometry |
| spellingShingle | Maria Antonella Zingaropoli Mariasilvia Guardiani Federica Dominelli Eeva Tortellini Manuela Garofalo Francesco Cogliati Dezza Anastasia Centofanti Carolina Carillo Anna Napoli Federico Venuta Claudio Maria Mastroianni Renzo Pretagostini Miriam Lichtner Maria Rosa Ciardi Gianluca Russo The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Vaccines SOT-Rs humoral response T-cell response BNT162b2 vaccine anti-spike antibody flow-cytometry |
| title | The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients |
| title_full | The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients |
| title_fullStr | The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients |
| title_short | The Long-Term Immunogenicity of mRNABNT162b Third Vaccine Dose in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients |
| title_sort | long term immunogenicity of mrnabnt162b third vaccine dose in solid organ transplant recipients |
| topic | SOT-Rs humoral response T-cell response BNT162b2 vaccine anti-spike antibody flow-cytometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/3/224 |
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