Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons
Striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) receive massive glutamate inputs from the cerebral cortex and thalamus and are a major target of dopamine projections. Interaction between glutamate and dopamine signaling is crucial for the control of movement and reward-driven learning, and its alteration...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2011-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroanatomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnana.2011.00037/full |
| _version_ | 1818314438961266688 |
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| author | Miriam eMatamales Miriam eMatamales Miriam eMatamales Jean-Antoine eGirault Jean-Antoine eGirault Jean-Antoine eGirault |
| author_facet | Miriam eMatamales Miriam eMatamales Miriam eMatamales Jean-Antoine eGirault Jean-Antoine eGirault Jean-Antoine eGirault |
| author_sort | Miriam eMatamales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) receive massive glutamate inputs from the cerebral cortex and thalamus and are a major target of dopamine projections. Interaction between glutamate and dopamine signaling is crucial for the control of movement and reward-driven learning, and its alterations are implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders including Parkinson’s disease and drug addiction. Long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity are thought to depend on transcription of gene products that alter the structure and/or function of neurons. Although multiple signal transduction pathways regulate transcription, little is known about signal transmission between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of striatal neurons and its regulation. Here we review the current knowledge of the signaling cascades that target the nucleus of MSNs, most of which are activated by cAMP and/or Ca2+. We outline the mechanisms by which signals originating at the plasma membrane and amplified in the cytoplasm are relayed to the nucleus, through the regulation of several protein kinases and phosphatases and transport through the nuclear pore. We also summarize the identified mechanisms of transcription regulation and chromatin remodeling in MSNs that appear to be important for behavioral adaptations, and discuss their relationships with epigenetic regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T08:49:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d26c0592b45c483e8a486dcdd5895c1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5129 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T08:49:39Z |
| publishDate | 2011-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroanatomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d26c0592b45c483e8a486dcdd5895c1a2022-12-21T23:53:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroanatomy1662-51292011-07-01510.3389/fnana.2011.0003711967Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neuronsMiriam eMatamales0Miriam eMatamales1Miriam eMatamales2Jean-Antoine eGirault3Jean-Antoine eGirault4Jean-Antoine eGirault5INSERMUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMCInstitut du Fer à MoulinINSERMUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMCInstitut du Fer à MoulinStriatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) receive massive glutamate inputs from the cerebral cortex and thalamus and are a major target of dopamine projections. Interaction between glutamate and dopamine signaling is crucial for the control of movement and reward-driven learning, and its alterations are implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders including Parkinson’s disease and drug addiction. Long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity are thought to depend on transcription of gene products that alter the structure and/or function of neurons. Although multiple signal transduction pathways regulate transcription, little is known about signal transmission between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of striatal neurons and its regulation. Here we review the current knowledge of the signaling cascades that target the nucleus of MSNs, most of which are activated by cAMP and/or Ca2+. We outline the mechanisms by which signals originating at the plasma membrane and amplified in the cytoplasm are relayed to the nucleus, through the regulation of several protein kinases and phosphatases and transport through the nuclear pore. We also summarize the identified mechanisms of transcription regulation and chromatin remodeling in MSNs that appear to be important for behavioral adaptations, and discuss their relationships with epigenetic regulation.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnana.2011.00037/fullDopamineGlutamateProtein phosphorylationChromatin remodelingEpigenetic regulationMedium-sized Spiny Neurons |
| spellingShingle | Miriam eMatamales Miriam eMatamales Miriam eMatamales Jean-Antoine eGirault Jean-Antoine eGirault Jean-Antoine eGirault Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons Frontiers in Neuroanatomy Dopamine Glutamate Protein phosphorylation Chromatin remodeling Epigenetic regulation Medium-sized Spiny Neurons |
| title | Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons |
| title_full | Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons |
| title_fullStr | Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons |
| title_full_unstemmed | Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons |
| title_short | Signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons |
| title_sort | signaling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in striatal medium sized spiny neurons |
| topic | Dopamine Glutamate Protein phosphorylation Chromatin remodeling Epigenetic regulation Medium-sized Spiny Neurons |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnana.2011.00037/full |
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