Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment Impact
Bone is the second most common site of metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer (TC) and dramatically impacts overall survival and quality of life with no definitive cure, yet there is no extensive study of the demographic and clinical risk factors in the recent literature. Data regarding 120,754...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/14/3557 |
| _version_ | 1797589990332432384 |
|---|---|
| author | Zenat Ahmed Khired Mohammad H. Hussein Jessan A. Jishu Ahmed A. Toreih Aly A. M. Shaalan Mohammed M. Ismail Manal S. Fawzy Eman A. Toraih |
| author_facet | Zenat Ahmed Khired Mohammad H. Hussein Jessan A. Jishu Ahmed A. Toreih Aly A. M. Shaalan Mohammed M. Ismail Manal S. Fawzy Eman A. Toraih |
| author_sort | Zenat Ahmed Khired |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bone is the second most common site of metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer (TC) and dramatically impacts overall survival and quality of life with no definitive cure, yet there is no extensive study of the demographic and clinical risk factors in the recent literature. Data regarding 120,754 TC patients with bone metastasis were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the risk factors of bone metastasis occurring in various histologies of TC. Cox regression was performed to analyze the influence of bone metastasis on overall survival. Hazard ratios were computed to analyze the association between bone metastasis and the primary outcomes. Of the 120,754 records collected from the SEER database from 2000 to 2019, 976 (0.8%) presented with bone metastasis, with occurrence being the greatest in patients of age ≥ 55 years (OR = 5.63, 95%CI = 4.72–6.71), males (OR = 2.60, 95%CI = 2.27–2.97), Blacks (OR = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.95–2.9) and Asian or Pacific Islanders (OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.58–2.27), and single marital status. TC patients presenting with bone metastasis (HR = 2.78, 95%CI = 2.34–3.3) or concurrent bone and brain metastases (HR = 1.62, 95%CI = 1.03–2.55) had a higher mortality risk. Older age, gender, race, and single marital status were associated with bone metastasis and poorer prognosis in TC patients at initial diagnosis. Understanding such risk factors can potentially assist clinicians in making early diagnoses and personalized treatment plans, as well as researchers in developing more therapeutic protocols. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:14:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d26cd059d81c42a98d1808f452d6256b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:14:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-d26cd059d81c42a98d1808f452d6256b2023-11-18T18:40:45ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-07-011514355710.3390/cancers15143557Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment ImpactZenat Ahmed Khired0Mohammad H. Hussein1Jessan A. Jishu2Ahmed A. Toreih3Aly A. M. Shaalan4Mohammed M. Ismail5Manal S. Fawzy6Eman A. Toraih7Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaDivision of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USASchool of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, EgyptDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, EgyptDivision of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USABone is the second most common site of metastasis in patients with thyroid cancer (TC) and dramatically impacts overall survival and quality of life with no definitive cure, yet there is no extensive study of the demographic and clinical risk factors in the recent literature. Data regarding 120,754 TC patients with bone metastasis were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the risk factors of bone metastasis occurring in various histologies of TC. Cox regression was performed to analyze the influence of bone metastasis on overall survival. Hazard ratios were computed to analyze the association between bone metastasis and the primary outcomes. Of the 120,754 records collected from the SEER database from 2000 to 2019, 976 (0.8%) presented with bone metastasis, with occurrence being the greatest in patients of age ≥ 55 years (OR = 5.63, 95%CI = 4.72–6.71), males (OR = 2.60, 95%CI = 2.27–2.97), Blacks (OR = 2.38, 95%CI = 1.95–2.9) and Asian or Pacific Islanders (OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.58–2.27), and single marital status. TC patients presenting with bone metastasis (HR = 2.78, 95%CI = 2.34–3.3) or concurrent bone and brain metastases (HR = 1.62, 95%CI = 1.03–2.55) had a higher mortality risk. Older age, gender, race, and single marital status were associated with bone metastasis and poorer prognosis in TC patients at initial diagnosis. Understanding such risk factors can potentially assist clinicians in making early diagnoses and personalized treatment plans, as well as researchers in developing more therapeutic protocols.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/14/3557thyroid cancerboneosseousmetastasisrisk factorSEER |
| spellingShingle | Zenat Ahmed Khired Mohammad H. Hussein Jessan A. Jishu Ahmed A. Toreih Aly A. M. Shaalan Mohammed M. Ismail Manal S. Fawzy Eman A. Toraih Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment Impact Cancers thyroid cancer bone osseous metastasis risk factor SEER |
| title | Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment Impact |
| title_full | Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment Impact |
| title_fullStr | Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment Impact |
| title_full_unstemmed | Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment Impact |
| title_short | Osseous Metastases in Thyroid Cancer: Unveiling Risk Factors, Disease Outcomes, and Treatment Impact |
| title_sort | osseous metastases in thyroid cancer unveiling risk factors disease outcomes and treatment impact |
| topic | thyroid cancer bone osseous metastasis risk factor SEER |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/14/3557 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zenatahmedkhired osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact AT mohammadhhussein osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact AT jessanajishu osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact AT ahmedatoreih osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact AT alyamshaalan osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact AT mohammedmismail osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact AT manalsfawzy osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact AT emanatoraih osseousmetastasesinthyroidcancerunveilingriskfactorsdiseaseoutcomesandtreatmentimpact |