Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
The increased use of silica and silicon-containing nanoparticles (Si-NP) in agricultural applications has stimulated interest in determining their potential migration in the environment and their uptake by living organisms. Understanding the fate and behavior of Si-NPs will require their accurate an...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/14/2049 |
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| author | Zhizhong Li Madjid Hadioui Kevin J. Wilkinson |
| author_facet | Zhizhong Li Madjid Hadioui Kevin J. Wilkinson |
| author_sort | Zhizhong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increased use of silica and silicon-containing nanoparticles (Si-NP) in agricultural applications has stimulated interest in determining their potential migration in the environment and their uptake by living organisms. Understanding the fate and behavior of Si-NPs will require their accurate analysis and characterization in very complex environmental matrices. In this study, we investigated Si-NP analysis in soil using single-particle ICP-MS. A magnetic sector instrument was operated at medium resolution to overcome the impact of polyatomic interferences (e.g., <sup>14</sup>N<sup>14</sup>N and <sup>12</sup>C<sup>16</sup>O) on <sup>28</sup>Si determinations. Consequently, a size detection limit of 29 ± 3 nm (diameter of spherical SiO<sub>2</sub> NP) was achieved in Milli-Q water. Si-NP were extracted from agricultural soil using several extractants, including Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, BaCl<sub>2</sub>, NaNO<sub>3</sub>, Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, fulvic acid (FA) and Na<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>EDTA. The best extraction efficiency was found for Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7,</sub> for which the size distribution of Si-NP in the leachates was well preserved for at least one month. On the other hand, Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and BaCl<sub>2</sub> were relatively less effective and generally led to particle agglomeration. A time-of-flight ICP-MS was also used to examine the nature of the extracted Si-NP on a single-particle basis. Aluminosilicates accounted for the greatest number of extracted NP (~46%), followed by NP where Si was the only detected metal (presumably SiO<sub>2</sub>, ~30%). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:47:18Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:47:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d2765c7ce6474ab5adf179176bcc50292023-11-18T20:45:15ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-07-011314204910.3390/nano13142049Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass SpectrometryZhizhong Li0Madjid Hadioui1Kevin J. Wilkinson2Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montreal, QC H2V 0B3, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montreal, QC H2V 0B3, CanadaDepartment of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, 1375 Ave. Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montreal, QC H2V 0B3, CanadaThe increased use of silica and silicon-containing nanoparticles (Si-NP) in agricultural applications has stimulated interest in determining their potential migration in the environment and their uptake by living organisms. Understanding the fate and behavior of Si-NPs will require their accurate analysis and characterization in very complex environmental matrices. In this study, we investigated Si-NP analysis in soil using single-particle ICP-MS. A magnetic sector instrument was operated at medium resolution to overcome the impact of polyatomic interferences (e.g., <sup>14</sup>N<sup>14</sup>N and <sup>12</sup>C<sup>16</sup>O) on <sup>28</sup>Si determinations. Consequently, a size detection limit of 29 ± 3 nm (diameter of spherical SiO<sub>2</sub> NP) was achieved in Milli-Q water. Si-NP were extracted from agricultural soil using several extractants, including Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, BaCl<sub>2</sub>, NaNO<sub>3</sub>, Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, fulvic acid (FA) and Na<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>EDTA. The best extraction efficiency was found for Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7,</sub> for which the size distribution of Si-NP in the leachates was well preserved for at least one month. On the other hand, Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, Mg(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and BaCl<sub>2</sub> were relatively less effective and generally led to particle agglomeration. A time-of-flight ICP-MS was also used to examine the nature of the extracted Si-NP on a single-particle basis. Aluminosilicates accounted for the greatest number of extracted NP (~46%), followed by NP where Si was the only detected metal (presumably SiO<sub>2</sub>, ~30%).https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/14/2049SP ICP-MSSP ICP-TOF-MSsilicaSi-containing nanoparticlespyrophosphatesoil |
| spellingShingle | Zhizhong Li Madjid Hadioui Kevin J. Wilkinson Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Nanomaterials SP ICP-MS SP ICP-TOF-MS silica Si-containing nanoparticles pyrophosphate soil |
| title | Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full | Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry |
| title_short | Extraction of Silicon-Containing Nanoparticles from an Agricultural Soil for Analysis by Single Particle Sector Field and Time-of-Flight Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry |
| title_sort | extraction of silicon containing nanoparticles from an agricultural soil for analysis by single particle sector field and time of flight inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry |
| topic | SP ICP-MS SP ICP-TOF-MS silica Si-containing nanoparticles pyrophosphate soil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/14/2049 |
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