Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis elliptica
Fungal plant pathogens secrete proteins that manipulate the host in order to facilitate colonization. Necrotrophs have evolved specialized proteins that actively induce plant cell death by co-opting the programmed cell death machinery of the host. Besides the broad host range pathogen Botrytis ciner...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.993325/full |
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| author | Michele C. Malvestiti Maikel B. F. Steentjes Henriek G. Beenen Sjef Boeren Jan A. L. van Kan Xiaoqian Shi-Kunne |
| author_facet | Michele C. Malvestiti Maikel B. F. Steentjes Henriek G. Beenen Sjef Boeren Jan A. L. van Kan Xiaoqian Shi-Kunne |
| author_sort | Michele C. Malvestiti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fungal plant pathogens secrete proteins that manipulate the host in order to facilitate colonization. Necrotrophs have evolved specialized proteins that actively induce plant cell death by co-opting the programmed cell death machinery of the host. Besides the broad host range pathogen Botrytis cinerea, most other species within the genus Botrytis are restricted to a single host species or a group of closely related hosts. Here, we focused on Botrytis squamosa and B. elliptica, host specific pathogens of onion (Allium cepa) and lily (Lilium spp.), respectively. Despite their occurrence on different hosts, the two fungal species are each other’s closest relatives. Therefore, we hypothesize that they share a considerable number of proteins to induce cell death on their respective hosts. In this study, we first confirmed the host-specificity of B. squamosa and B. elliptica. Then we sequenced and assembled high quality genomes. The alignment of these two genomes revealed a high level of synteny with few balanced structural chromosomal arrangements. To assess the cell death-inducing capacity of their secreted proteins, we produced culture filtrates of B. squamosa and B. elliptica that induced cell death responses upon infiltration in host leaves. Protein composition of the culture filtrate was analysed by mass spectrometry, and we identified orthologous proteins that were present in both samples. Subsequently, the expression of the corresponding genes during host infection was compared. RNAseq analysis showed that the majority of the orthogroups of the two sister species display similar expression patterns during infection of their respective host. The analysis of cell death-inducing proteins of B. squamosa and B. elliptica provides insights in the mechanisms used by these two Botrytis species to infect their respective hosts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:44:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d276fc41c5744f44a6c438945ab96590 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:44:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d276fc41c5744f44a6c438945ab965902022-12-22T02:24:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-10-011310.3389/fpls.2022.993325993325Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis ellipticaMichele C. Malvestiti0Maikel B. F. Steentjes1Henriek G. Beenen2Sjef Boeren3Jan A. L. van Kan4Xiaoqian Shi-Kunne5Wageningen University, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen, NetherlandsWageningen University, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen, NetherlandsWageningen University, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen, NetherlandsWageningen University, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen, NetherlandsWageningen University, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen, NetherlandsWageningen University, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen, NetherlandsFungal plant pathogens secrete proteins that manipulate the host in order to facilitate colonization. Necrotrophs have evolved specialized proteins that actively induce plant cell death by co-opting the programmed cell death machinery of the host. Besides the broad host range pathogen Botrytis cinerea, most other species within the genus Botrytis are restricted to a single host species or a group of closely related hosts. Here, we focused on Botrytis squamosa and B. elliptica, host specific pathogens of onion (Allium cepa) and lily (Lilium spp.), respectively. Despite their occurrence on different hosts, the two fungal species are each other’s closest relatives. Therefore, we hypothesize that they share a considerable number of proteins to induce cell death on their respective hosts. In this study, we first confirmed the host-specificity of B. squamosa and B. elliptica. Then we sequenced and assembled high quality genomes. The alignment of these two genomes revealed a high level of synteny with few balanced structural chromosomal arrangements. To assess the cell death-inducing capacity of their secreted proteins, we produced culture filtrates of B. squamosa and B. elliptica that induced cell death responses upon infiltration in host leaves. Protein composition of the culture filtrate was analysed by mass spectrometry, and we identified orthologous proteins that were present in both samples. Subsequently, the expression of the corresponding genes during host infection was compared. RNAseq analysis showed that the majority of the orthogroups of the two sister species display similar expression patterns during infection of their respective host. The analysis of cell death-inducing proteins of B. squamosa and B. elliptica provides insights in the mechanisms used by these two Botrytis species to infect their respective hosts.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.993325/fullBotrytis spp.plant-necrotroph interactionhost specificitycell death-inducing proteinssynteny |
| spellingShingle | Michele C. Malvestiti Maikel B. F. Steentjes Henriek G. Beenen Sjef Boeren Jan A. L. van Kan Xiaoqian Shi-Kunne Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis elliptica Frontiers in Plant Science Botrytis spp. plant-necrotroph interaction host specificity cell death-inducing proteins synteny |
| title | Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis elliptica |
| title_full | Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis elliptica |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis elliptica |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis elliptica |
| title_short | Analysis of plant cell death-inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Botrytis squamosa and Botrytis elliptica |
| title_sort | analysis of plant cell death inducing proteins of the necrotrophic fungal pathogens botrytis squamosa and botrytis elliptica |
| topic | Botrytis spp. plant-necrotroph interaction host specificity cell death-inducing proteins synteny |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.993325/full |
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