Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life Experience
Background: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a small-vessel necrotizing vasculitis with multiple organ involvement. Despite improvements in clinical management, biomarkers for organ involvement and disease prognosis are still an unmet need. Methods: EGPA patients referred to o...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/11/2688 |
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| author | Andrea Matucci Emanuele Vivarelli Margherita Perlato Valentina Mecheri Matteo Accinno Lorenzo Cosmi Paola Parronchi Oliviero Rossi Alessandra Vultaggio |
| author_facet | Andrea Matucci Emanuele Vivarelli Margherita Perlato Valentina Mecheri Matteo Accinno Lorenzo Cosmi Paola Parronchi Oliviero Rossi Alessandra Vultaggio |
| author_sort | Andrea Matucci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a small-vessel necrotizing vasculitis with multiple organ involvement. Despite improvements in clinical management, biomarkers for organ involvement and disease prognosis are still an unmet need. Methods: EGPA patients referred to our immunology clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic/clinical features, eosinophils, ANCA status, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and total serum IgE were evaluated at the baseline. Eosinophils, total serum IgE, ECP and ANCA were studied as possible biomarkers for lung and extrapulmonary disease. Results: In total, 167 EGPA patients were recruited for our study. A positive association between eosinophils and peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement was demonstrated (<i>p</i> <0.001; chi-squared test). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using the eosinophil count or percentage as predictors of PNS involvement yielded AUC values of 0.75 and 0.67, respectively. ANCA positivity was associated with PNS involvement, while no correlations with clinical parameters were found for ECP and total serum IgE. Patients without extrapulmonary involvement had lower eosinophils (eosinophils: 2844.7 ± 1698 vs. 6373 ± 5468, <i>p</i> < 0.001; eosinophil percentage: 24.6 ± 10% vs. 36.2 ± 15.8, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and were less likely to be ANCA+ (<i>p</i> < 0.001, chi-squared test). Conclusion: Eosinophils in EGPA are an important biomarker and are associated with extrapulmonary involvement. These findings could strengthen the role of anti-eosinophilic drugs in improving extrapulmonary disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:15:35Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:15:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-d28888bf8a2f4da599de95730669ab1b2023-11-24T03:49:06ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-10-011011268810.3390/biomedicines10112688Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life ExperienceAndrea Matucci0Emanuele Vivarelli1Margherita Perlato2Valentina Mecheri3Matteo Accinno4Lorenzo Cosmi5Paola Parronchi6Oliviero Rossi7Alessandra Vultaggio8Immunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, ItalyImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, ItalyImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, ItalyImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, ItalyImmunoallergology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, ItalyBackground: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a small-vessel necrotizing vasculitis with multiple organ involvement. Despite improvements in clinical management, biomarkers for organ involvement and disease prognosis are still an unmet need. Methods: EGPA patients referred to our immunology clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic/clinical features, eosinophils, ANCA status, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and total serum IgE were evaluated at the baseline. Eosinophils, total serum IgE, ECP and ANCA were studied as possible biomarkers for lung and extrapulmonary disease. Results: In total, 167 EGPA patients were recruited for our study. A positive association between eosinophils and peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement was demonstrated (<i>p</i> <0.001; chi-squared test). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using the eosinophil count or percentage as predictors of PNS involvement yielded AUC values of 0.75 and 0.67, respectively. ANCA positivity was associated with PNS involvement, while no correlations with clinical parameters were found for ECP and total serum IgE. Patients without extrapulmonary involvement had lower eosinophils (eosinophils: 2844.7 ± 1698 vs. 6373 ± 5468, <i>p</i> < 0.001; eosinophil percentage: 24.6 ± 10% vs. 36.2 ± 15.8, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and were less likely to be ANCA+ (<i>p</i> < 0.001, chi-squared test). Conclusion: Eosinophils in EGPA are an important biomarker and are associated with extrapulmonary involvement. These findings could strengthen the role of anti-eosinophilic drugs in improving extrapulmonary disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/11/2688eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitiseosinophilsbiomarkerasthmanasal polypsperipheral neuropathy |
| spellingShingle | Andrea Matucci Emanuele Vivarelli Margherita Perlato Valentina Mecheri Matteo Accinno Lorenzo Cosmi Paola Parronchi Oliviero Rossi Alessandra Vultaggio Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life Experience Biomedicines eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis eosinophils biomarker asthma nasal polyps peripheral neuropathy |
| title | Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life Experience |
| title_full | Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life Experience |
| title_fullStr | Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life Experience |
| title_full_unstemmed | Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life Experience |
| title_short | Baseline Eosinophil Count as a Potential Clinical Biomarker for Clinical Complexity in EGPA: A Real-Life Experience |
| title_sort | baseline eosinophil count as a potential clinical biomarker for clinical complexity in egpa a real life experience |
| topic | eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis eosinophils biomarker asthma nasal polyps peripheral neuropathy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/11/2688 |
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