Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults.
As individuals age, they may experience a decline in gait automaticity, which requires increased attentional resources for the control of gait. This age-related decline in gait automaticity has been shown to contribute to higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation and lower dual-task performance duri...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287252 |
| _version_ | 1797680723952402432 |
|---|---|
| author | Chang Yoon Baek Hyeong Dong Kim Dong Yup Yoo Kyoung Yee Kang Jang Woo Lee |
| author_facet | Chang Yoon Baek Hyeong Dong Kim Dong Yup Yoo Kyoung Yee Kang Jang Woo Lee |
| author_sort | Chang Yoon Baek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As individuals age, they may experience a decline in gait automaticity, which requires increased attentional resources for the control of gait. This age-related decline in gait automaticity has been shown to contribute to higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation and lower dual-task performance during dual-task walking in older adults. This study is to investigate the effect of treadmill walking on PFC activation and dual-task performance in older adults. A total of 20 older adults (mean age, 64.35 ± 2.74 years) and 20 younger adults (mean age, 30.00 ± 3.15 years) performed single- and dual-task walking in overground and treadmill conditions. A wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy and gait analyzer were used to analyze PFC activation and dual-task performance, respectively. To determine the dual-task (gait and cognitive) performance, the dual-task cost (DTC) was calculated using the following formula: (single-task - dual-task)/single-task × 100. In both groups, dual-task treadmill walking led to reduced PFC activation and reduced DTC compared to dual-task overground walking. Furthermore, despite a higher DTC in gait variability, correct response, total response, response index and a higher error score in older adults than in younger adults during overground walking, there was no difference in treadmill walking. The difference in PFC activation between single- and dual-tasks was also observed only in overground walking. Performing dual-task walking on a treadmill compared to overground walking results in different levels of dual-task performance and PFC activity. Specifically, older adults are able to maintain similar levels of dual-task performance as younger adults while walking on a treadmill, with reduced PFC activation due to the automaticity induced by the treadmill. Therefore, older adults who exhibit low dual-task performance during overground walking may be able to improve their performance while walking on a treadmill with fewer attentional resources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:34:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2984cd501864266bccb524d428253f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:34:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2984cd501864266bccb524d428253f52023-09-20T05:32:20ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01188e028725210.1371/journal.pone.0287252Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults.Chang Yoon BaekHyeong Dong KimDong Yup YooKyoung Yee KangJang Woo LeeAs individuals age, they may experience a decline in gait automaticity, which requires increased attentional resources for the control of gait. This age-related decline in gait automaticity has been shown to contribute to higher prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation and lower dual-task performance during dual-task walking in older adults. This study is to investigate the effect of treadmill walking on PFC activation and dual-task performance in older adults. A total of 20 older adults (mean age, 64.35 ± 2.74 years) and 20 younger adults (mean age, 30.00 ± 3.15 years) performed single- and dual-task walking in overground and treadmill conditions. A wearable functional near-infrared spectroscopy and gait analyzer were used to analyze PFC activation and dual-task performance, respectively. To determine the dual-task (gait and cognitive) performance, the dual-task cost (DTC) was calculated using the following formula: (single-task - dual-task)/single-task × 100. In both groups, dual-task treadmill walking led to reduced PFC activation and reduced DTC compared to dual-task overground walking. Furthermore, despite a higher DTC in gait variability, correct response, total response, response index and a higher error score in older adults than in younger adults during overground walking, there was no difference in treadmill walking. The difference in PFC activation between single- and dual-tasks was also observed only in overground walking. Performing dual-task walking on a treadmill compared to overground walking results in different levels of dual-task performance and PFC activity. Specifically, older adults are able to maintain similar levels of dual-task performance as younger adults while walking on a treadmill, with reduced PFC activation due to the automaticity induced by the treadmill. Therefore, older adults who exhibit low dual-task performance during overground walking may be able to improve their performance while walking on a treadmill with fewer attentional resources.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287252 |
| spellingShingle | Chang Yoon Baek Hyeong Dong Kim Dong Yup Yoo Kyoung Yee Kang Jang Woo Lee Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults. PLoS ONE |
| title | Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults. |
| title_full | Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults. |
| title_fullStr | Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults. |
| title_short | Effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual-task performance in older adults. |
| title_sort | effect of automaticity induced by treadmill walking on prefrontal cortex activation and dual task performance in older adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287252 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT changyoonbaek effectofautomaticityinducedbytreadmillwalkingonprefrontalcortexactivationanddualtaskperformanceinolderadults AT hyeongdongkim effectofautomaticityinducedbytreadmillwalkingonprefrontalcortexactivationanddualtaskperformanceinolderadults AT dongyupyoo effectofautomaticityinducedbytreadmillwalkingonprefrontalcortexactivationanddualtaskperformanceinolderadults AT kyoungyeekang effectofautomaticityinducedbytreadmillwalkingonprefrontalcortexactivationanddualtaskperformanceinolderadults AT jangwoolee effectofautomaticityinducedbytreadmillwalkingonprefrontalcortexactivationanddualtaskperformanceinolderadults |