Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of Care

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach in the treatment of various malignancies, with preclinical studies showing improved immune responses in the preoperative setting. FDA-approved neoadjuvant-immunotherapy-based approaches include triple-negative breast cancer and early non-...

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Main Authors: Emma Boydell, Jose L. Sandoval, Olivier Michielin, Michel Obeid, Alfredo Addeo, Alex Friedlaender
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-07-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/14/11849
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author Emma Boydell
Jose L. Sandoval
Olivier Michielin
Michel Obeid
Alfredo Addeo
Alex Friedlaender
author_facet Emma Boydell
Jose L. Sandoval
Olivier Michielin
Michel Obeid
Alfredo Addeo
Alex Friedlaender
author_sort Emma Boydell
collection DOAJ
description Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach in the treatment of various malignancies, with preclinical studies showing improved immune responses in the preoperative setting. FDA-approved neoadjuvant-immunotherapy-based approaches include triple-negative breast cancer and early non-small cell lung cancer on the basis of improvement in pathological response and event free survival. Nevertheless, current trials have only shown benefits in a fraction of patients. It is therefore crucial to identify predictive biomarkers to improve patient selection for such approaches. This review aims to provide an overview of potential biomarkers of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in early triple-negative breast cancer, bladder cancer, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. By the extrapolation of the metastatic setting, we explore known predictive biomarkers, i.e., PD-L1, mismatch repair deficiency and tumour mutational burden, as well as potential early-disease-specific biomarkers. We also discuss the challenges of identifying reliable biomarkers and the need for standardized protocols and guidelines for their validation and clinical implementation.
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spelling doaj.art-d29eec4fdd634183a7cfdd02d750d5e62023-11-18T19:46:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-07-0124141184910.3390/ijms241411849Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of CareEmma Boydell0Jose L. Sandoval1Olivier Michielin2Michel Obeid3Alfredo Addeo4Alex Friedlaender5University Hospital of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandUniversity Hospital of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandUniversity Hospital of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandUniversity Hospital of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, SwitzerlandUniversity Hospital of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandUniversity Hospital of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandNeoadjuvant immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach in the treatment of various malignancies, with preclinical studies showing improved immune responses in the preoperative setting. FDA-approved neoadjuvant-immunotherapy-based approaches include triple-negative breast cancer and early non-small cell lung cancer on the basis of improvement in pathological response and event free survival. Nevertheless, current trials have only shown benefits in a fraction of patients. It is therefore crucial to identify predictive biomarkers to improve patient selection for such approaches. This review aims to provide an overview of potential biomarkers of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in early triple-negative breast cancer, bladder cancer, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. By the extrapolation of the metastatic setting, we explore known predictive biomarkers, i.e., PD-L1, mismatch repair deficiency and tumour mutational burden, as well as potential early-disease-specific biomarkers. We also discuss the challenges of identifying reliable biomarkers and the need for standardized protocols and guidelines for their validation and clinical implementation.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/14/11849immunotherapyneoadjuvantpredictive biomarkersNSCLCmelanomaurothelial carcinoma
spellingShingle Emma Boydell
Jose L. Sandoval
Olivier Michielin
Michel Obeid
Alfredo Addeo
Alex Friedlaender
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of Care
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
immunotherapy
neoadjuvant
predictive biomarkers
NSCLC
melanoma
urothelial carcinoma
title Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of Care
title_full Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of Care
title_fullStr Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of Care
title_full_unstemmed Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of Care
title_short Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Promising New Standard of Care
title_sort neoadjuvant immunotherapy a promising new standard of care
topic immunotherapy
neoadjuvant
predictive biomarkers
NSCLC
melanoma
urothelial carcinoma
url https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/14/11849
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AT joselsandoval neoadjuvantimmunotherapyapromisingnewstandardofcare
AT oliviermichielin neoadjuvantimmunotherapyapromisingnewstandardofcare
AT michelobeid neoadjuvantimmunotherapyapromisingnewstandardofcare
AT alfredoaddeo neoadjuvantimmunotherapyapromisingnewstandardofcare
AT alexfriedlaender neoadjuvantimmunotherapyapromisingnewstandardofcare