Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse
Abstract There are several industrial uses for carbon black (CB), an extremely fine powdered form of elemental carbon that is made up of coalesced particle aggregates and almost spherical colloidal particles. Most carbon black is produced from petroleum-derived feedstock, so there is a need to find...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56157-4 |
| _version_ | 1797266870893543424 |
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| author | Nehad A. Elmaghraby Mohamed A. Hassaan Mohamed A. Zien Elsayed M. Abedelrhim Safaa Ragab Murat Yılmaz Ahmed El Nemr |
| author_facet | Nehad A. Elmaghraby Mohamed A. Hassaan Mohamed A. Zien Elsayed M. Abedelrhim Safaa Ragab Murat Yılmaz Ahmed El Nemr |
| author_sort | Nehad A. Elmaghraby |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract There are several industrial uses for carbon black (CB), an extremely fine powdered form of elemental carbon that is made up of coalesced particle aggregates and almost spherical colloidal particles. Most carbon black is produced from petroleum-derived feedstock, so there is a need to find an alternative method to produce CB, which relies on renewable resources such as algae and agricultural waste. A process involving hydrolysis, carbonization, and pyrolysis of green algae and sugarcane bagasse was developed, as the optimal hydrolysis conditions (16N sulfuric acid, 70 °C, 1 h, 1:30 g/ml GA or SC to sulfuric acid ratio), a hydrolysis ratio of 62% for SC and 85% for GA were achieved. The acidic solution was carbonized using a water bath, and the solid carbon was then further pyrolyzed at 900 °C. The obtained carbon black has a high carbon content of about 90% which is confirmed by EDX, XRD, and XPS analysis. By comparison carbon black from sugar cane bagasse (CBB) and carbon black from green algae Ulva lactuca (CBG) with commercial carbon black (CCB) it showed the same morphology which was confirmed by SEM analysis. The BET data, showed the high specific surface area of prepared CB, which was 605 (m2/g) for CBB and 424 (m2/g) for CBG compared with commercial carbon black (CBB) was 50 (m2/g), also the mean pore diameter of CBB, CBG and CCB indicated that CBB and CBG were rich in micropores, but CCB was rich in mesoporous according to IUPAC classification. This study might have created a technique that can be used to make carbon black from different kinds of biomass. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:07:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d29f409a61884344bae275ca04942a40 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:07:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-d29f409a61884344bae275ca04942a402024-03-10T12:10:15ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-03-0114111510.1038/s41598-024-56157-4Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasseNehad A. Elmaghraby0Mohamed A. Hassaan1Mohamed A. Zien2Elsayed M. Abedelrhim3Safaa Ragab4Murat Yılmaz5Ahmed El Nemr6Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF)Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF)Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhur UniversityChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhur UniversityEnvironment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF)Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Bahçe Vocational School, Osmaniye Korkut Ata UniversityEnvironment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF)Abstract There are several industrial uses for carbon black (CB), an extremely fine powdered form of elemental carbon that is made up of coalesced particle aggregates and almost spherical colloidal particles. Most carbon black is produced from petroleum-derived feedstock, so there is a need to find an alternative method to produce CB, which relies on renewable resources such as algae and agricultural waste. A process involving hydrolysis, carbonization, and pyrolysis of green algae and sugarcane bagasse was developed, as the optimal hydrolysis conditions (16N sulfuric acid, 70 °C, 1 h, 1:30 g/ml GA or SC to sulfuric acid ratio), a hydrolysis ratio of 62% for SC and 85% for GA were achieved. The acidic solution was carbonized using a water bath, and the solid carbon was then further pyrolyzed at 900 °C. The obtained carbon black has a high carbon content of about 90% which is confirmed by EDX, XRD, and XPS analysis. By comparison carbon black from sugar cane bagasse (CBB) and carbon black from green algae Ulva lactuca (CBG) with commercial carbon black (CCB) it showed the same morphology which was confirmed by SEM analysis. The BET data, showed the high specific surface area of prepared CB, which was 605 (m2/g) for CBB and 424 (m2/g) for CBG compared with commercial carbon black (CBB) was 50 (m2/g), also the mean pore diameter of CBB, CBG and CCB indicated that CBB and CBG were rich in micropores, but CCB was rich in mesoporous according to IUPAC classification. This study might have created a technique that can be used to make carbon black from different kinds of biomass.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56157-4 |
| spellingShingle | Nehad A. Elmaghraby Mohamed A. Hassaan Mohamed A. Zien Elsayed M. Abedelrhim Safaa Ragab Murat Yılmaz Ahmed El Nemr Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse Scientific Reports |
| title | Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse |
| title_full | Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse |
| title_short | Fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse |
| title_sort | fabrication of carbon black nanoparticles from green algae and sugarcane bagasse |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56157-4 |
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