NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently renamed metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is one of the most common causes of liver diseases worldwide. NAFLD is growing in parallel with the obesity epidemic. No pharmacological treatment is available to treat NAFLD, specifically. T...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/6/824 |
| _version_ | 1797489557155872768 |
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| author | Fatiha Nassir |
| author_facet | Fatiha Nassir |
| author_sort | Fatiha Nassir |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently renamed metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is one of the most common causes of liver diseases worldwide. NAFLD is growing in parallel with the obesity epidemic. No pharmacological treatment is available to treat NAFLD, specifically. The reason might be that NAFLD is a multi-factorial disease with an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms involved, an absence of accurate and inexpensive imaging tools, and lack of adequate non-invasive biomarkers. NAFLD consists of the accumulation of excess lipids in the liver, causing lipotoxicity that might progress to metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanisms for the pathogenesis of NAFLD, current interventions in the management of the disease, and the role of sirtuins as potential targets for treatment are discussed here. In addition, the current diagnostic tools, and the role of non-coding RNAs as emerging diagnostic biomarkers are summarized. The availability of non-invasive biomarkers, and accurate and inexpensive non-invasive diagnosis tools are crucial in the detection of the early signs in the progression of NAFLD. This will expedite clinical trials and the validation of the emerging therapeutic treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2a8b1b1b265446aaef7e6089009a03d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2a8b1b1b265446aaef7e6089009a03d2023-11-23T15:47:35ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-06-0112682410.3390/biom12060824NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and BiomarkersFatiha Nassir0Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USANonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently renamed metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is one of the most common causes of liver diseases worldwide. NAFLD is growing in parallel with the obesity epidemic. No pharmacological treatment is available to treat NAFLD, specifically. The reason might be that NAFLD is a multi-factorial disease with an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms involved, an absence of accurate and inexpensive imaging tools, and lack of adequate non-invasive biomarkers. NAFLD consists of the accumulation of excess lipids in the liver, causing lipotoxicity that might progress to metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanisms for the pathogenesis of NAFLD, current interventions in the management of the disease, and the role of sirtuins as potential targets for treatment are discussed here. In addition, the current diagnostic tools, and the role of non-coding RNAs as emerging diagnostic biomarkers are summarized. The availability of non-invasive biomarkers, and accurate and inexpensive non-invasive diagnosis tools are crucial in the detection of the early signs in the progression of NAFLD. This will expedite clinical trials and the validation of the emerging therapeutic treatments.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/6/824non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)livermitochondria |
| spellingShingle | Fatiha Nassir NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers Biomolecules non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) liver mitochondria |
| title | NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers |
| title_full | NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers |
| title_fullStr | NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers |
| title_full_unstemmed | NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers |
| title_short | NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers |
| title_sort | nafld mechanisms treatments and biomarkers |
| topic | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) liver mitochondria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/6/824 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fatihanassir nafldmechanismstreatmentsandbiomarkers |