Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort
Besides the Mediterranean diet, there is a paucity of studies examining plant-based diets in relation to cancer outcomes in Mediterranean populations. We analyzed 22,081 apparently cancer-free participants (mean age 55 ± 12 year) from the Moli-sani study (enrollment period 2005–2010; Italy). A gener...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/3976 |
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| author | Claudia Francisca Martínez Augusto Di Castelnuovo Simona Costanzo Teresa Panzera Simona Esposito Chiara Cerletti Maria Benedetta Donati Giovanni de Gaetano Licia Iacoviello Marialaura Bonaccio on behalf of the Moli-Sani Study Investigators |
| author_facet | Claudia Francisca Martínez Augusto Di Castelnuovo Simona Costanzo Teresa Panzera Simona Esposito Chiara Cerletti Maria Benedetta Donati Giovanni de Gaetano Licia Iacoviello Marialaura Bonaccio on behalf of the Moli-Sani Study Investigators |
| author_sort | Claudia Francisca Martínez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Besides the Mediterranean diet, there is a paucity of studies examining plant-based diets in relation to cancer outcomes in Mediterranean populations. We analyzed 22,081 apparently cancer-free participants (mean age 55 ± 12 year) from the Moli-sani study (enrollment period 2005–2010; Italy). A general pro-vegetarian food pattern was computed by assigning positive or negative scores to plant- or animal-derived foods, respectively from a 188-item FFQ. <i>A priori</i> healthful or unhealthful pro-vegetarian food patterns distinguished between healthy plant foods (e.g., fruits, vegetables) and less-healthy plant foods (e.g., fruit juices, refined grains). Cancer incidence was defined as the earliest diagnosis of cancer from hospital discharge records over a median follow-up of 12.9 years. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, a general pro-vegetarian food pattern was associated with a lower rate of cancer incidence (HR = 0.85; 95%CI 0.75–0.97 for Q5 vs. Q1); no association was observed between the healthful or unhealthful pro-vegetarian food patterns and overall cancer incidence. A healthful pro-vegetarian pattern, however, was inversely associated with digestive cancer (HR = 0.76; 95%CI 0.58–0.99 for Q5 vs. Q1), while the unhealthful pro-vegetarian pattern was directly linked to respiratory cancer (HR = 1.68; 95%CI 1.06–2.68 for Q5 vs. Q1). Our findings in a Mediterranean population support the hypothesis that some, but not all pro-vegetarian diets, might prevent some cancers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:20:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2b25dab574c4930a2d544feb6bb3614 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:20:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2b25dab574c4930a2d544feb6bb36142023-11-19T12:18:35ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-09-011518397610.3390/nu15183976Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study CohortClaudia Francisca Martínez0Augusto Di Castelnuovo1Simona Costanzo2Teresa Panzera3Simona Esposito4Chiara Cerletti5Maria Benedetta Donati6Giovanni de Gaetano7Licia Iacoviello8Marialaura Bonaccio9on behalf of the Moli-Sani Study InvestigatorsDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyMediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, ItalyBesides the Mediterranean diet, there is a paucity of studies examining plant-based diets in relation to cancer outcomes in Mediterranean populations. We analyzed 22,081 apparently cancer-free participants (mean age 55 ± 12 year) from the Moli-sani study (enrollment period 2005–2010; Italy). A general pro-vegetarian food pattern was computed by assigning positive or negative scores to plant- or animal-derived foods, respectively from a 188-item FFQ. <i>A priori</i> healthful or unhealthful pro-vegetarian food patterns distinguished between healthy plant foods (e.g., fruits, vegetables) and less-healthy plant foods (e.g., fruit juices, refined grains). Cancer incidence was defined as the earliest diagnosis of cancer from hospital discharge records over a median follow-up of 12.9 years. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, a general pro-vegetarian food pattern was associated with a lower rate of cancer incidence (HR = 0.85; 95%CI 0.75–0.97 for Q5 vs. Q1); no association was observed between the healthful or unhealthful pro-vegetarian food patterns and overall cancer incidence. A healthful pro-vegetarian pattern, however, was inversely associated with digestive cancer (HR = 0.76; 95%CI 0.58–0.99 for Q5 vs. Q1), while the unhealthful pro-vegetarian pattern was directly linked to respiratory cancer (HR = 1.68; 95%CI 1.06–2.68 for Q5 vs. Q1). Our findings in a Mediterranean population support the hypothesis that some, but not all pro-vegetarian diets, might prevent some cancers.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/3976pro-vegetarian food patternsplant-based dietscancer riskcancer hospitalization |
| spellingShingle | Claudia Francisca Martínez Augusto Di Castelnuovo Simona Costanzo Teresa Panzera Simona Esposito Chiara Cerletti Maria Benedetta Donati Giovanni de Gaetano Licia Iacoviello Marialaura Bonaccio on behalf of the Moli-Sani Study Investigators Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort Nutrients pro-vegetarian food patterns plant-based diets cancer risk cancer hospitalization |
| title | Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort |
| title_full | Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort |
| title_fullStr | Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort |
| title_short | Pro-Vegetarian Food Patterns and Cancer Risk among Italians from the Moli-Sani Study Cohort |
| title_sort | pro vegetarian food patterns and cancer risk among italians from the moli sani study cohort |
| topic | pro-vegetarian food patterns plant-based diets cancer risk cancer hospitalization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/3976 |
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