Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues
Abstract Background Schistosomiasis, one of the neglected tropical diseases, is endemic in more than 70 countries. However, the clinical diagnosis of patients with a low degree of infection is an unsolved technical problem. In areas endemic for schistosomiasis japonica, proctoscopy detection of eggs...
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| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-017-2362-4 |
| _version_ | 1819081089567686656 |
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| author | Kongzhen Gu Yuesheng Li Patrick Driguez Qingren Zeng Xinlin Yu Hui Sun Liting Cai Yongkang He Wenyang Wang Donald P. McManus |
| author_facet | Kongzhen Gu Yuesheng Li Patrick Driguez Qingren Zeng Xinlin Yu Hui Sun Liting Cai Yongkang He Wenyang Wang Donald P. McManus |
| author_sort | Kongzhen Gu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Schistosomiasis, one of the neglected tropical diseases, is endemic in more than 70 countries. However, the clinical diagnosis of patients with a low degree of infection is an unsolved technical problem. In areas endemic for schistosomiasis japonica, proctoscopy detection of eggs has been one method used for clinical diagnosis. However, it is often a challenge to find typical live eggs and it is difficult to distinguish live eggs from large numbers of partially degraded and/or completely degraded eggs within colon biopsy tissue. To address this problem, we tested six different morphological and biochemical/molecular markers (ALP; morphological characteristics of egg; CalS (calcified substance); AOS (antioxidase); SDHG (succinic dehydrogenase) and SjR2 mRNA (retrotransposons 2 of S.japonicum genome mRNA)), including four new markers (CalS; AOS; SDHG and SjR2 mRNA.), to determine the viability of S. japonicum eggs deposited in human and mouse colon tissues. Our ultimate aim is to obtain a new method that is more sensitive, practical and accurate to clinically diagnose schistosomiasis. Methods Tissue samples were collected from mice at six different time points during S. japonicum infection with or without treatment with praziquantel (PZQ). Four new biochemical or molecular markers were used for the detection of egg viability from mouse liver and intestinal samples: CalS; AOS; SDHG and SjR2 mRNA. Subsequently, all markers were employed for the detection and analysis of eggs deposited in biopsy materials from patients with suspected schistosomiasis japonica for clinical evaluation. Microscopic examination of the egg morphology, worm burden in vivo and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) levels were used as a reference standard to evaluate the sensitivity and reliability of four new markers detecting egg viability. Results The results of the study showed that the morphology of S. japonicum eggs deposited in tissues of hosts with schistosomiasis, especially cases with chronic schistosomiasis, is complex and egg viability is difficult to judge morphologically, particularly eggs with a fuzzy structure or partially modified eggs. We found that the majority of the viable schistosome eggs determined by four new markers (CalS, AOS, SDHG and SjR2 mRNA) were morphologically difficult to identify. Conclusions Among the markers, the most sensitive and specific method was the detection of SjR2 mRNA and the most simple, rapid and practical method was the detection of SDHG. Therefore, the detection of SDHG is the most practical for clinical application and its use could improve the accuracy in diagnosing active schistosome infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T19:55:14Z |
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| id | doaj.art-d2c57238820246228bbc002000557e05 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T19:55:14Z |
| publishDate | 2017-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d2c57238820246228bbc002000557e052022-12-21T18:52:07ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342017-04-0117111310.1186/s12879-017-2362-4Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissuesKongzhen Gu0Yuesheng Li1Patrick Driguez2Qingren Zeng3Xinlin Yu4Hui Sun5Liting Cai6Yongkang He7Wenyang Wang8Donald P. McManus9Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU)Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institution of Medical ResearchMolecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institution of Medical ResearchDepartment of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU)Xiangyue Hospital, Schistosomiasis Control and Prevention Institution of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU)Department of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU)Xiangyue Hospital, Schistosomiasis Control and Prevention Institution of Hunan ProvinceDepartment of Parasitology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (CSU)Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Queensland Institution of Medical ResearchAbstract Background Schistosomiasis, one of the neglected tropical diseases, is endemic in more than 70 countries. However, the clinical diagnosis of patients with a low degree of infection is an unsolved technical problem. In areas endemic for schistosomiasis japonica, proctoscopy detection of eggs has been one method used for clinical diagnosis. However, it is often a challenge to find typical live eggs and it is difficult to distinguish live eggs from large numbers of partially degraded and/or completely degraded eggs within colon biopsy tissue. To address this problem, we tested six different morphological and biochemical/molecular markers (ALP; morphological characteristics of egg; CalS (calcified substance); AOS (antioxidase); SDHG (succinic dehydrogenase) and SjR2 mRNA (retrotransposons 2 of S.japonicum genome mRNA)), including four new markers (CalS; AOS; SDHG and SjR2 mRNA.), to determine the viability of S. japonicum eggs deposited in human and mouse colon tissues. Our ultimate aim is to obtain a new method that is more sensitive, practical and accurate to clinically diagnose schistosomiasis. Methods Tissue samples were collected from mice at six different time points during S. japonicum infection with or without treatment with praziquantel (PZQ). Four new biochemical or molecular markers were used for the detection of egg viability from mouse liver and intestinal samples: CalS; AOS; SDHG and SjR2 mRNA. Subsequently, all markers were employed for the detection and analysis of eggs deposited in biopsy materials from patients with suspected schistosomiasis japonica for clinical evaluation. Microscopic examination of the egg morphology, worm burden in vivo and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) levels were used as a reference standard to evaluate the sensitivity and reliability of four new markers detecting egg viability. Results The results of the study showed that the morphology of S. japonicum eggs deposited in tissues of hosts with schistosomiasis, especially cases with chronic schistosomiasis, is complex and egg viability is difficult to judge morphologically, particularly eggs with a fuzzy structure or partially modified eggs. We found that the majority of the viable schistosome eggs determined by four new markers (CalS, AOS, SDHG and SjR2 mRNA) were morphologically difficult to identify. Conclusions Among the markers, the most sensitive and specific method was the detection of SjR2 mRNA and the most simple, rapid and practical method was the detection of SDHG. Therefore, the detection of SDHG is the most practical for clinical application and its use could improve the accuracy in diagnosing active schistosome infection.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-017-2362-4Schistosoma JaponicumVitality of eggsAlpCalSAosSdhg |
| spellingShingle | Kongzhen Gu Yuesheng Li Patrick Driguez Qingren Zeng Xinlin Yu Hui Sun Liting Cai Yongkang He Wenyang Wang Donald P. McManus Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues BMC Infectious Diseases Schistosoma Japonicum Vitality of eggs Alp CalS Aos Sdhg |
| title | Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues |
| title_full | Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues |
| title_fullStr | Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues |
| title_short | Clinical diagnostic value of viable Schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues |
| title_sort | clinical diagnostic value of viable schistosoma japonicum eggs detected in host tissues |
| topic | Schistosoma Japonicum Vitality of eggs Alp CalS Aos Sdhg |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-017-2362-4 |
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