Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in Michigan
Abstract Energy crops for biofuel production, especially switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), are of interest from a climate change perspective. Here, we use outputs from a crop growth model and life cycle assessment (LCA) to examine the global warming intensity (GWI; g CO2 MJ−1) and greenhouse gas (GHG)...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2023-03-01
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| Series: | GCB Bioenergy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13024 |
| _version_ | 1811164604074557440 |
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| author | Seungdo Kim Bruce E. Dale Rafael Martinez‐Feria Bruno Basso Kurt Thelen Christos T. Maravelias Douglas Landis Tyler J. Lark G. Philip Robertson |
| author_facet | Seungdo Kim Bruce E. Dale Rafael Martinez‐Feria Bruno Basso Kurt Thelen Christos T. Maravelias Douglas Landis Tyler J. Lark G. Philip Robertson |
| author_sort | Seungdo Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Energy crops for biofuel production, especially switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), are of interest from a climate change perspective. Here, we use outputs from a crop growth model and life cycle assessment (LCA) to examine the global warming intensity (GWI; g CO2 MJ−1) and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential (Mg CO2 year−1) of biofuel systems based on a spatially explicit analysis of switchgrass grown on marginal land (abandoned former cropland) in Michigan, USA. We find that marginal lands in Michigan can annually produce over 0.57 hm3 of liquid biofuel derived from nitrogen‐fertilized switchgrass, mitigating 1.2–1.5 Tg of CO2 year−1. About 96% of these biofuels can meet the Renewable Fuel Standard (60% reduction in lifecycle GHG emissions compared with conventional gasoline; GWI ≤37.2 g CO2 MJ−1). Furthermore, 73%–75% of these biofuels are carbon‐negative (GWI less than zero) due to enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. However, simulations indicate that SOC levels would fail to increase and even decrease on the 11% of lands where SOC stocks >>200 Mg C ha−1, leading to carbon intensities greater than gasoline. Results highlight the strong climate mitigation potential of switchgrass grown on marginal lands as well as the needs to avoid carbon rich soils such as histosols and wetlands and to ensure that productivity will be sufficient to provide net mitigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:24:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2cc646c4700443d99f7f0b0b7bf37d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-1693 1757-1707 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T15:24:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | GCB Bioenergy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2cc646c4700443d99f7f0b0b7bf37d12023-02-14T10:51:34ZengWileyGCB Bioenergy1757-16931757-17072023-03-0115331933110.1111/gcbb.13024Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in MichiganSeungdo Kim0Bruce E. Dale1Rafael Martinez‐Feria2Bruno Basso3Kurt Thelen4Christos T. Maravelias5Douglas Landis6Tyler J. Lark7G. Philip Robertson8DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USADOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USADOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USADOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USADOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USADepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey USADOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USADOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USADOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USAAbstract Energy crops for biofuel production, especially switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), are of interest from a climate change perspective. Here, we use outputs from a crop growth model and life cycle assessment (LCA) to examine the global warming intensity (GWI; g CO2 MJ−1) and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential (Mg CO2 year−1) of biofuel systems based on a spatially explicit analysis of switchgrass grown on marginal land (abandoned former cropland) in Michigan, USA. We find that marginal lands in Michigan can annually produce over 0.57 hm3 of liquid biofuel derived from nitrogen‐fertilized switchgrass, mitigating 1.2–1.5 Tg of CO2 year−1. About 96% of these biofuels can meet the Renewable Fuel Standard (60% reduction in lifecycle GHG emissions compared with conventional gasoline; GWI ≤37.2 g CO2 MJ−1). Furthermore, 73%–75% of these biofuels are carbon‐negative (GWI less than zero) due to enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. However, simulations indicate that SOC levels would fail to increase and even decrease on the 11% of lands where SOC stocks >>200 Mg C ha−1, leading to carbon intensities greater than gasoline. Results highlight the strong climate mitigation potential of switchgrass grown on marginal lands as well as the needs to avoid carbon rich soils such as histosols and wetlands and to ensure that productivity will be sufficient to provide net mitigation.https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13024γ‐valerolactone (GVL)cellulosic biofueldynamic LCAglobal warming intensitymarginal landstatic LCA |
| spellingShingle | Seungdo Kim Bruce E. Dale Rafael Martinez‐Feria Bruno Basso Kurt Thelen Christos T. Maravelias Douglas Landis Tyler J. Lark G. Philip Robertson Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in Michigan GCB Bioenergy γ‐valerolactone (GVL) cellulosic biofuel dynamic LCA global warming intensity marginal land static LCA |
| title | Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in Michigan |
| title_full | Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in Michigan |
| title_fullStr | Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in Michigan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in Michigan |
| title_short | Global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in Michigan |
| title_sort | global warming intensity of biofuel derived from switchgrass grown on marginal land in michigan |
| topic | γ‐valerolactone (GVL) cellulosic biofuel dynamic LCA global warming intensity marginal land static LCA |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.13024 |
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