Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner
Recent advances in gas turbine combustor design are aimed at achieving low exhaust emissions, hence modern aircraft jet engines are designed with lean-burn combustion systems. In the present work, we report an experimental study on lean combustion in a liquid fuel burner, operated under a non-premix...
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MDPI AG
2017-03-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/3/352 |
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| author | Maria Grazia De Giorgi Stefano Campilongo Antonio Ficarella Gianluigi De Falco Mario Commodo Andrea D’Anna |
| author_facet | Maria Grazia De Giorgi Stefano Campilongo Antonio Ficarella Gianluigi De Falco Mario Commodo Andrea D’Anna |
| author_sort | Maria Grazia De Giorgi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent advances in gas turbine combustor design are aimed at achieving low exhaust emissions, hence modern aircraft jet engines are designed with lean-burn combustion systems. In the present work, we report an experimental study on lean combustion in a liquid fuel burner, operated under a non-premixed (single point injection) regime that mimics the combustion in a modern aircraft engine. The flame behavior was investigated in proximity of the blow-out limit by an intensified high rate Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera equipped with different optical filters to selectively record single species chemiluminescence emissions (e.g., OH*, CH*). Analogous filters were also used in combination with photomultiplier (PMT) tubes. Furthermore this work investigates well-mixed lean low NOx combustion where mixing is good and generation of solid carbon particulate emissions should be very low. An analysis of pollutants such as fine particles and gaseous emissions was also performed. Particle number concentrations and size distributions were measured at the exhaust of the combustion chamber by two different particle size measuring instruments: a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). NOx concentration measurements were performed by using a cross-flow modulation chemiluminescence detection system; CO concentration emissions were acquired with a Cross-flow modulation Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) absorption method. All the measurements were completed by diagnostics of the fundamental combustor parameters. The results herein presented show that at very-lean conditions the emissions of both particulate matter and CO was found to increase most likely due to the occurrence of flame instabilities while the NOx were observed to reduce. |
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| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:29:14Z |
| publishDate | 2017-03-01 |
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| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2ccf070223f42388e694d4e8d2be91f2022-12-22T02:07:40ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732017-03-0110335210.3390/en10030352en10030352Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel BurnerMaria Grazia De Giorgi0Stefano Campilongo1Antonio Ficarella2Gianluigi De Falco3Mario Commodo4Andrea D’Anna5Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce LE, ItalyDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce LE, ItalyDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce LE, ItalyIstituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione, CNR, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyIstituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione, CNR, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale—Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, ItalyRecent advances in gas turbine combustor design are aimed at achieving low exhaust emissions, hence modern aircraft jet engines are designed with lean-burn combustion systems. In the present work, we report an experimental study on lean combustion in a liquid fuel burner, operated under a non-premixed (single point injection) regime that mimics the combustion in a modern aircraft engine. The flame behavior was investigated in proximity of the blow-out limit by an intensified high rate Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera equipped with different optical filters to selectively record single species chemiluminescence emissions (e.g., OH*, CH*). Analogous filters were also used in combination with photomultiplier (PMT) tubes. Furthermore this work investigates well-mixed lean low NOx combustion where mixing is good and generation of solid carbon particulate emissions should be very low. An analysis of pollutants such as fine particles and gaseous emissions was also performed. Particle number concentrations and size distributions were measured at the exhaust of the combustion chamber by two different particle size measuring instruments: a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). NOx concentration measurements were performed by using a cross-flow modulation chemiluminescence detection system; CO concentration emissions were acquired with a Cross-flow modulation Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) absorption method. All the measurements were completed by diagnostics of the fundamental combustor parameters. The results herein presented show that at very-lean conditions the emissions of both particulate matter and CO was found to increase most likely due to the occurrence of flame instabilities while the NOx were observed to reduce.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/3/352lean combustionflame instabilitychemiluminescence emissionssoot |
| spellingShingle | Maria Grazia De Giorgi Stefano Campilongo Antonio Ficarella Gianluigi De Falco Mario Commodo Andrea D’Anna Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner Energies lean combustion flame instability chemiluminescence emissions soot |
| title | Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner |
| title_full | Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner |
| title_fullStr | Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner |
| title_short | Pollutant Formation during the Occurrence of Flame Instabilities under Very-Lean Combustion Conditions in a Liquid-Fuel Burner |
| title_sort | pollutant formation during the occurrence of flame instabilities under very lean combustion conditions in a liquid fuel burner |
| topic | lean combustion flame instability chemiluminescence emissions soot |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/10/3/352 |
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