The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching
Abstract Reducing the time to settlement and metamorphosis of abalone larvae is critical for ensuring that abalone larvae settle within the seeding site for ocean ranching or to increase production in hatcheries. This study investigated the effect of biological (planktonic Nitzschia sp.) and chemica...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of the World Aquaculture Society |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.13001 |
| _version_ | 1797401600696778752 |
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| author | Ziyanda B. Mzozo Sanet Hugo Niall G. Vine |
| author_facet | Ziyanda B. Mzozo Sanet Hugo Niall G. Vine |
| author_sort | Ziyanda B. Mzozo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Reducing the time to settlement and metamorphosis of abalone larvae is critical for ensuring that abalone larvae settle within the seeding site for ocean ranching or to increase production in hatcheries. This study investigated the effect of biological (planktonic Nitzschia sp.) and chemical (potassium chloride) cues in inducing settlement and metamorphosis of abalone larvae Haliotis midae on diatom‐coated plastic sheets. Larvae were exposed to different concentrations of KCl (10–20 mM), with settlement being highest at 10 mM in the first 20 h. Settlement of larvae exposed to a combined KCl and Nitzschia treatment for 24 h was highest, followed by larvae exposed to KCl for 12 h, while larvae exposed to KCl for 24 h, and both controls (12 and 24 h) had the lowest settlement. However, in both experiments, larval settlement in all treatments declined after 24 h of exposure, while that of the controls (no added settlement cues) increased and surpassed the other treatments after 24 h. Finally, the settlement was very low on uncoated sheets, compared to diatom‐coated sheets, regardless of exposure to different combinations of KCl and Nitzschia. The exposure period's results should be interpreted with caution when drawing biological conclusions for field studies. This is due to the dramatic decrease in mean settlement post‐exposure to the cue. Therefore, we hypothesize that exposure of H. midae larvae to 10 mM KCl and Nitzschia sp. will not enhance settlement in the ocean, as the inducers are primarily only effective at a KCl concentration level equal to 10 mM for 12 h. However, long‐term exposure to KCl and Nitzschia over 24 h could be used in hatcheries to improve the settlement of H. midae larvae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:13:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2cd85eab6624ad1b3967690808d6f84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0893-8849 1749-7345 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:13:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the World Aquaculture Society |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2cd85eab6624ad1b3967690808d6f842023-12-07T07:31:44ZengWileyJournal of the World Aquaculture Society0893-88491749-73452023-12-015461702171710.1111/jwas.13001The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranchingZiyanda B. Mzozo0Sanet Hugo1Niall G. Vine2Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture University of Fort Hare Alice South AfricaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture University of Venda Thohoyandou South AfricaDepartment of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture University of Fort Hare Alice South AfricaAbstract Reducing the time to settlement and metamorphosis of abalone larvae is critical for ensuring that abalone larvae settle within the seeding site for ocean ranching or to increase production in hatcheries. This study investigated the effect of biological (planktonic Nitzschia sp.) and chemical (potassium chloride) cues in inducing settlement and metamorphosis of abalone larvae Haliotis midae on diatom‐coated plastic sheets. Larvae were exposed to different concentrations of KCl (10–20 mM), with settlement being highest at 10 mM in the first 20 h. Settlement of larvae exposed to a combined KCl and Nitzschia treatment for 24 h was highest, followed by larvae exposed to KCl for 12 h, while larvae exposed to KCl for 24 h, and both controls (12 and 24 h) had the lowest settlement. However, in both experiments, larval settlement in all treatments declined after 24 h of exposure, while that of the controls (no added settlement cues) increased and surpassed the other treatments after 24 h. Finally, the settlement was very low on uncoated sheets, compared to diatom‐coated sheets, regardless of exposure to different combinations of KCl and Nitzschia. The exposure period's results should be interpreted with caution when drawing biological conclusions for field studies. This is due to the dramatic decrease in mean settlement post‐exposure to the cue. Therefore, we hypothesize that exposure of H. midae larvae to 10 mM KCl and Nitzschia sp. will not enhance settlement in the ocean, as the inducers are primarily only effective at a KCl concentration level equal to 10 mM for 12 h. However, long‐term exposure to KCl and Nitzschia over 24 h could be used in hatcheries to improve the settlement of H. midae larvae.https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.13001acute exposurechronic exposureinducerKClmetamorphosisNitzschia |
| spellingShingle | Ziyanda B. Mzozo Sanet Hugo Niall G. Vine The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching Journal of the World Aquaculture Society acute exposure chronic exposure inducer KCl metamorphosis Nitzschia |
| title | The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching |
| title_full | The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching |
| title_fullStr | The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching |
| title_full_unstemmed | The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching |
| title_short | The use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone (Haliotis midae): Implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching |
| title_sort | use of chemical and biological settlement cues in enhancing the larval settlement of abalone haliotis midae implications for hatcheries and ocean ranching |
| topic | acute exposure chronic exposure inducer KCl metamorphosis Nitzschia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.13001 |
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