Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications
Antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective in reducing the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) post-operatively. However, there are concerns with the extent of prophylaxis post-operatively, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This increases antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/678 |
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| author | Zikria Saleem Umar Ahsan Abdul Haseeb Ummara Altaf Narjis Batool Hira Rani Javeria Jaffer Fatima Shahid Mujahid Hussain Afreenish Amir Inaam Ur Rehman Umar Saleh Sana Shabbir Muhammad Usman Qamar Waleed Mohammad Altowayan Fahad Raees Aisha Azmat Mohammad Tarique Imam Phumzile P. Skosana Brian Godman |
| author_facet | Zikria Saleem Umar Ahsan Abdul Haseeb Ummara Altaf Narjis Batool Hira Rani Javeria Jaffer Fatima Shahid Mujahid Hussain Afreenish Amir Inaam Ur Rehman Umar Saleh Sana Shabbir Muhammad Usman Qamar Waleed Mohammad Altowayan Fahad Raees Aisha Azmat Mohammad Tarique Imam Phumzile P. Skosana Brian Godman |
| author_sort | Zikria Saleem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective in reducing the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) post-operatively. However, there are concerns with the extent of prophylaxis post-operatively, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This increases antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is a key issue in Pakistan. Consequently, we conducted an observational cross-sectional study on 583 patients undergoing surgery at a leading teaching hospital in Pakistan with respect to the choice, time and duration of antimicrobials to prevent SSIs. The identified variables included post-operative prophylactic antimicrobials given to all patients for all surgical procedures. In addition, cephalosporins were frequently used for all surgical procedures, and among these, the use of third-generation cephalosporins was common. The duration of post-operative prophylaxis was 3–4 days, appreciably longer than the suggestions of the guidelines, with most patients prescribed antimicrobials until discharge. The inappropriate choice of antimicrobials combined with prolonged post-operative antibiotic administration need to be addressed. This includes appropriate interventions, such as antimicrobial stewardship programs, which have been successful in other LMICs to improve antibiotic utilization associated with SSIs and to reduce AMR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:19:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2cfd8ae7da34c28bfa3541a8bb8b55d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:19:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2cfd8ae7da34c28bfa3541a8bb8b55d2023-11-17T18:02:25ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-03-0112467810.3390/antibiotics12040678Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and ImplicationsZikria Saleem0Umar Ahsan1Abdul Haseeb2Ummara Altaf3Narjis Batool4Hira Rani5Javeria Jaffer6Fatima Shahid7Mujahid Hussain8Afreenish Amir9Inaam Ur Rehman10Umar Saleh11Sana Shabbir12Muhammad Usman Qamar13Waleed Mohammad Altowayan14Fahad Raees15Aisha Azmat16Mohammad Tarique Imam17Phumzile P. Skosana18Brian Godman19Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahuddin Zakaria University, Multan 60800, PakistanDepartment of Infection Prevention and Control, Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health, Makkah 24241, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacy, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital, Lahore 54000, PakistanCenter of Health Systems and Safety Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, AustraliaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacy, Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi 75190, PakistanDepartment of Microbiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, PakistanPunjab University College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanPunjab University College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanPunjab University College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanInstitute of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South AfricaSchool of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria 0208, South AfricaAntimicrobial prophylaxis is effective in reducing the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) post-operatively. However, there are concerns with the extent of prophylaxis post-operatively, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This increases antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which is a key issue in Pakistan. Consequently, we conducted an observational cross-sectional study on 583 patients undergoing surgery at a leading teaching hospital in Pakistan with respect to the choice, time and duration of antimicrobials to prevent SSIs. The identified variables included post-operative prophylactic antimicrobials given to all patients for all surgical procedures. In addition, cephalosporins were frequently used for all surgical procedures, and among these, the use of third-generation cephalosporins was common. The duration of post-operative prophylaxis was 3–4 days, appreciably longer than the suggestions of the guidelines, with most patients prescribed antimicrobials until discharge. The inappropriate choice of antimicrobials combined with prolonged post-operative antibiotic administration need to be addressed. This includes appropriate interventions, such as antimicrobial stewardship programs, which have been successful in other LMICs to improve antibiotic utilization associated with SSIs and to reduce AMR.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/678antimicrobial utilizationAWaRe classificationantimicrobial resistancePakistansurgical site infectionssurgical wounds |
| spellingShingle | Zikria Saleem Umar Ahsan Abdul Haseeb Ummara Altaf Narjis Batool Hira Rani Javeria Jaffer Fatima Shahid Mujahid Hussain Afreenish Amir Inaam Ur Rehman Umar Saleh Sana Shabbir Muhammad Usman Qamar Waleed Mohammad Altowayan Fahad Raees Aisha Azmat Mohammad Tarique Imam Phumzile P. Skosana Brian Godman Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications Antibiotics antimicrobial utilization AWaRe classification antimicrobial resistance Pakistan surgical site infections surgical wounds |
| title | Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications |
| title_full | Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications |
| title_fullStr | Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications |
| title_short | Antibiotic Utilization Patterns for Different Wound Types among Surgical Patients: Findings and Implications |
| title_sort | antibiotic utilization patterns for different wound types among surgical patients findings and implications |
| topic | antimicrobial utilization AWaRe classification antimicrobial resistance Pakistan surgical site infections surgical wounds |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/4/678 |
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