Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribology
The multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) were covalently functionalised with imidazolium salt-based ionic liquids. The acid chloride-functionalised MWCNTs and GO were coupled with 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole, and then the products were reacted with 1-bromobutane. The bromin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Results in Surfaces and Interfaces |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666845923000247 |
| _version_ | 1827924334966996992 |
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| author | Navod Thyashan Hongjun Yu Xuqing Liu Chamil Abeykoon |
| author_facet | Navod Thyashan Hongjun Yu Xuqing Liu Chamil Abeykoon |
| author_sort | Navod Thyashan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) were covalently functionalised with imidazolium salt-based ionic liquids. The acid chloride-functionalised MWCNTs and GO were coupled with 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole, and then the products were reacted with 1-bromobutane. The bromine anions were exchanged with PF6− and NTf2−. The phase transformation of the MWCNTs was observed after the functionalisation with 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole. The black solids were transformed into black liquids, suggesting the imidazolium was chemically grafted onto the MWCNTs. FTIR, XPS, and TGA analyses confirmed the covalent modification and formation of imidazolium salts. SEM and AFM images showed no visual change between the pristine MWCNTs and the functionalised MWCNTs, indicating that the modification processes did not destroy the structural integrity. The solubility of the functionalised MWCNTs with different anions in water was analysed. It was found that hydrophobicity followed the order: NTf2− > PF6− > Br−. The functionalised MWCNTs and GO were employed as additives in vegetable oil at 1 wt.% concentration and the tribological properties were evaluated in a four-ball machine. It was found that vegetable oil with functionalised MWCNTs showed better lubrication performance than pure MWCNTs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:10:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2da3bdb06994a32b76f84a81bbd7d34 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-8459 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:10:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Results in Surfaces and Interfaces |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2da3bdb06994a32b76f84a81bbd7d342023-06-16T05:12:06ZengElsevierResults in Surfaces and Interfaces2666-84592023-05-0111100119Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribologyNavod Thyashan0Hongjun Yu1Xuqing Liu2Chamil Abeykoon3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USADepartment of Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, United KingdomDepartment of Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, United KingdomDepartment of Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, United Kingdom; Corresponding author.The multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) were covalently functionalised with imidazolium salt-based ionic liquids. The acid chloride-functionalised MWCNTs and GO were coupled with 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole, and then the products were reacted with 1-bromobutane. The bromine anions were exchanged with PF6− and NTf2−. The phase transformation of the MWCNTs was observed after the functionalisation with 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole. The black solids were transformed into black liquids, suggesting the imidazolium was chemically grafted onto the MWCNTs. FTIR, XPS, and TGA analyses confirmed the covalent modification and formation of imidazolium salts. SEM and AFM images showed no visual change between the pristine MWCNTs and the functionalised MWCNTs, indicating that the modification processes did not destroy the structural integrity. The solubility of the functionalised MWCNTs with different anions in water was analysed. It was found that hydrophobicity followed the order: NTf2− > PF6− > Br−. The functionalised MWCNTs and GO were employed as additives in vegetable oil at 1 wt.% concentration and the tribological properties were evaluated in a four-ball machine. It was found that vegetable oil with functionalised MWCNTs showed better lubrication performance than pure MWCNTs.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666845923000247Multi-walled carbon nanotubesGraphene oxideIonic liquidsLubricationVegetable oilTribology |
| spellingShingle | Navod Thyashan Hongjun Yu Xuqing Liu Chamil Abeykoon Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribology Results in Surfaces and Interfaces Multi-walled carbon nanotubes Graphene oxide Ionic liquids Lubrication Vegetable oil Tribology |
| title | Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribology |
| title_full | Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribology |
| title_fullStr | Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribology |
| title_short | Ionic liquids modified CNTs and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil: A route for sustainable tribology |
| title_sort | ionic liquids modified cnts and graphene as additive in vegetable lubricating oil a route for sustainable tribology |
| topic | Multi-walled carbon nanotubes Graphene oxide Ionic liquids Lubrication Vegetable oil Tribology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666845923000247 |
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