The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread over the world for more than one year. COVID-19 often develops life-threatening hypoxemia. Endothelial injury caused by the viral infection leads to intravascular coagulation and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. However, besides above pathogenic mech...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/8/1897 |
| _version_ | 1797524337845075968 |
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| author | Shu Yuan Si-Cong Jiang Zhong-Wei Zhang Yu-Fan Fu Jing Hu Zi-Lin Li |
| author_facet | Shu Yuan Si-Cong Jiang Zhong-Wei Zhang Yu-Fan Fu Jing Hu Zi-Lin Li |
| author_sort | Shu Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread over the world for more than one year. COVID-19 often develops life-threatening hypoxemia. Endothelial injury caused by the viral infection leads to intravascular coagulation and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. However, besides above pathogenic mechanisms, the role of alveolar edema in the disease progression has not been discussed comprehensively. Since the exudation of pulmonary edema fluid was extremely serious in COVID-19 patients, we bring out a hypothesis that severity of alveolar edema may determine the size of poorly-ventilated area and the blood oxygen content. Treatments to pulmonary edema (conservative fluid management, exogenous surfactant replacements and ethanol–oxygen vapor therapy hypothetically) may be greatly helpful for reducing the occurrences of severe cases. Given that late mechanical ventilation may cause mucus (edema fluid) to be blown deep into the small airways, oxygen therapy should be given at the early stages. The optimal time and blood oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) threshold for oxygen therapy are also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:55:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2e1474093674cd3b97673bf1fe47cf2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:55:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2e1474093674cd3b97673bf1fe47cf22023-11-22T07:08:51ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-07-01108189710.3390/cells10081897The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19Shu Yuan0Si-Cong Jiang1Zhong-Wei Zhang2Yu-Fan Fu3Jing Hu4Zi-Lin Li5College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaChengdu Kang Hong Pharmaceutical Group Comp. Ltd., Chengdu 610036, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, ChinaDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Medical University of the Air Force, Xi’an 710032, ChinaThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread over the world for more than one year. COVID-19 often develops life-threatening hypoxemia. Endothelial injury caused by the viral infection leads to intravascular coagulation and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. However, besides above pathogenic mechanisms, the role of alveolar edema in the disease progression has not been discussed comprehensively. Since the exudation of pulmonary edema fluid was extremely serious in COVID-19 patients, we bring out a hypothesis that severity of alveolar edema may determine the size of poorly-ventilated area and the blood oxygen content. Treatments to pulmonary edema (conservative fluid management, exogenous surfactant replacements and ethanol–oxygen vapor therapy hypothetically) may be greatly helpful for reducing the occurrences of severe cases. Given that late mechanical ventilation may cause mucus (edema fluid) to be blown deep into the small airways, oxygen therapy should be given at the early stages. The optimal time and blood oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) threshold for oxygen therapy are also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/8/1897SARS-CoV-2endothelial injuriesventilation-perfusion mismatchintravascular coagulationalveolar edemaoxygen therapy |
| spellingShingle | Shu Yuan Si-Cong Jiang Zhong-Wei Zhang Yu-Fan Fu Jing Hu Zi-Lin Li The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19 Cells SARS-CoV-2 endothelial injuries ventilation-perfusion mismatch intravascular coagulation alveolar edema oxygen therapy |
| title | The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19 |
| title_full | The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19 |
| title_short | The Role of Alveolar Edema in COVID-19 |
| title_sort | role of alveolar edema in covid 19 |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 endothelial injuries ventilation-perfusion mismatch intravascular coagulation alveolar edema oxygen therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/8/1897 |
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