Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type
This work aimed at evaluating the effects of different emulsifiers on curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions’ behavior during digestion, its safety and absorption, to develop nanoemulsions that provide safety and improved curcumin functionality. Nanoemulsions (NEs) were produced using two bio-based (lecithin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/815 |
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| author | Raquel F. S. Gonçalves Joana T. Martins Luís Abrunhosa António A. Vicente Ana C. Pinheiro |
| author_facet | Raquel F. S. Gonçalves Joana T. Martins Luís Abrunhosa António A. Vicente Ana C. Pinheiro |
| author_sort | Raquel F. S. Gonçalves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work aimed at evaluating the effects of different emulsifiers on curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions’ behavior during digestion, its safety and absorption, to develop nanoemulsions that provide safety and improved curcumin functionality. Nanoemulsions (NEs) were produced using two bio-based (lecithin (LEC) and rhamnolipids (RHAM)) and one synthetic (Tween<sup>®</sup>80 (TWE)) emulsifier at similar concentrations. Different NEs were subjected to in vitro digestion. The cytotoxicity and permeability tests were performed in Caco-2 cells. NE_TWE were stable during all phases of in vitro digestion, whereas NE_LEC and NE_RHAM were found to be unstable from the gastric phase. NE_TWE showed 100% of free fatty acids released, followed by NE_RHAM and NE_LEC. Curcumin’s bioaccessibility and stability increased in the following order: NE_LEC > NE_RHAM > NE_TWE. NE_LEC and NE_TWE did not show cytotoxic effects in any of the concentrations tested, while NE_RHAM presented high cytotoxicity in all concentrations tested. The apparent permeability coefficients were determined for NE_LEC and NE_TWE; however, the results were not statistically different. These results showed that the emulsifier used has a high impact on nanoemulsions’ behavior under the digestion process and on their cytotoxicity. This work contributed to the state-of-the-art’s progress on the development of safer curcumin delivery systems with improved functionality, particularly regarding the proper selection of ingredients to produce said systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:00:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2ed144906774b25b1a47023babe1c43 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:00:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2ed144906774b25b1a47023babe1c432023-11-21T11:36:54ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-03-0111381510.3390/nano11030815Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier TypeRaquel F. S. Gonçalves0Joana T. Martins1Luís Abrunhosa2António A. Vicente3Ana C. Pinheiro4Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4715-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4715-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4715-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4715-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4715-057 Braga, PortugalThis work aimed at evaluating the effects of different emulsifiers on curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions’ behavior during digestion, its safety and absorption, to develop nanoemulsions that provide safety and improved curcumin functionality. Nanoemulsions (NEs) were produced using two bio-based (lecithin (LEC) and rhamnolipids (RHAM)) and one synthetic (Tween<sup>®</sup>80 (TWE)) emulsifier at similar concentrations. Different NEs were subjected to in vitro digestion. The cytotoxicity and permeability tests were performed in Caco-2 cells. NE_TWE were stable during all phases of in vitro digestion, whereas NE_LEC and NE_RHAM were found to be unstable from the gastric phase. NE_TWE showed 100% of free fatty acids released, followed by NE_RHAM and NE_LEC. Curcumin’s bioaccessibility and stability increased in the following order: NE_LEC > NE_RHAM > NE_TWE. NE_LEC and NE_TWE did not show cytotoxic effects in any of the concentrations tested, while NE_RHAM presented high cytotoxicity in all concentrations tested. The apparent permeability coefficients were determined for NE_LEC and NE_TWE; however, the results were not statistically different. These results showed that the emulsifier used has a high impact on nanoemulsions’ behavior under the digestion process and on their cytotoxicity. This work contributed to the state-of-the-art’s progress on the development of safer curcumin delivery systems with improved functionality, particularly regarding the proper selection of ingredients to produce said systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/815nanoemulsionslecithinrhamnolipidsTween<sup>®</sup> 80in vitro static digestioncytotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Raquel F. S. Gonçalves Joana T. Martins Luís Abrunhosa António A. Vicente Ana C. Pinheiro Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type Nanomaterials nanoemulsions lecithin rhamnolipids Tween<sup>®</sup> 80 in vitro static digestion cytotoxicity |
| title | Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type |
| title_full | Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type |
| title_fullStr | Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type |
| title_short | Nanoemulsions for Enhancement of Curcumin Bioavailability and Their Safety Evaluation: Effect of Emulsifier Type |
| title_sort | nanoemulsions for enhancement of curcumin bioavailability and their safety evaluation effect of emulsifier type |
| topic | nanoemulsions lecithin rhamnolipids Tween<sup>®</sup> 80 in vitro static digestion cytotoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/815 |
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