Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs
Abstract Background Histoplasma antigen and anti‐Histoplasma antibody detection are used to support the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. There is a paucity of published data on antibody assays. Objectives Our primary hypothesis was that anti‐Histoplasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody detection using en...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16726 |
| _version_ | 1797816135860617216 |
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| author | Rebecca Tims Andrew S. Hanzlicek Laura Nafe Michelle M. Durkin Jennifer Smith‐Davis L. Joseph Wheat |
| author_facet | Rebecca Tims Andrew S. Hanzlicek Laura Nafe Michelle M. Durkin Jennifer Smith‐Davis L. Joseph Wheat |
| author_sort | Rebecca Tims |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Histoplasma antigen and anti‐Histoplasma antibody detection are used to support the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. There is a paucity of published data on antibody assays. Objectives Our primary hypothesis was that anti‐Histoplasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody detection using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) will be more sensitive as compared to immunodiffusion (ID). Animals Thirty‐seven cats and 22 dogs with proven or probable histoplasmosis; 157 negative control animals. Methods Residual stored sera were tested for anti‐Histoplasma antibodies using EIA and ID. Results of urine antigen EIA were reviewed retrospectively. Diagnostic sensitivity was calculated for all three assays and compared between immunoglobulin G (IgG) EIA and ID. The diagnostic sensitivity of urine antigen EIA and IgG EIA, interpreted in parallel, was reported. Results Sensitivity of IgG EIA was 30/37 (81.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68.5%‐93.4%) in cats and 17/22 (77.3%; 95% CI, 59.8%‐94.8%) in dogs. Diagnostic sensitivity of ID was 0/37 (0%; 95% CI, 0%‐9.5%) in cats and 3/22 (13.6%; 95% CI, 0%‐28.0%) in dogs. Immunoglobulin G EIA was positive in all animals (2 cats and 2 dogs) with histoplasmosis but without detectable antigen in urine. Diagnostic specificity of IgG EIA was 18/19 (94.7%; 95% CI, 74.0%‐99.9%) in cats and 128/138 (92.8%; 95% CI, 87.1%‐96.5%) in dogs. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Antibody detection by EIA can be used to support the diagnosis of histoplasmosis in cats and dogs. Immunodiffusion has an unacceptably low diagnostic sensitivity and is not recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:34:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2ee80b26a9b4691bfab94dbc754b57f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:34:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2ee80b26a9b4691bfab94dbc754b57f2023-05-31T01:33:58ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762023-05-013731007101410.1111/jvim.16726Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogsRebecca Tims0Andrew S. Hanzlicek1Laura Nafe2Michelle M. Durkin3Jennifer Smith‐Davis4L. Joseph Wheat5Veterinary Specialists of North Texas Fort Worth Texas USADepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USADepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USAMiraVista Diagnostics Indianapolis Indiana USAMiraVista Diagnostics Indianapolis Indiana USAMiraVista Diagnostics Indianapolis Indiana USAAbstract Background Histoplasma antigen and anti‐Histoplasma antibody detection are used to support the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. There is a paucity of published data on antibody assays. Objectives Our primary hypothesis was that anti‐Histoplasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody detection using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) will be more sensitive as compared to immunodiffusion (ID). Animals Thirty‐seven cats and 22 dogs with proven or probable histoplasmosis; 157 negative control animals. Methods Residual stored sera were tested for anti‐Histoplasma antibodies using EIA and ID. Results of urine antigen EIA were reviewed retrospectively. Diagnostic sensitivity was calculated for all three assays and compared between immunoglobulin G (IgG) EIA and ID. The diagnostic sensitivity of urine antigen EIA and IgG EIA, interpreted in parallel, was reported. Results Sensitivity of IgG EIA was 30/37 (81.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68.5%‐93.4%) in cats and 17/22 (77.3%; 95% CI, 59.8%‐94.8%) in dogs. Diagnostic sensitivity of ID was 0/37 (0%; 95% CI, 0%‐9.5%) in cats and 3/22 (13.6%; 95% CI, 0%‐28.0%) in dogs. Immunoglobulin G EIA was positive in all animals (2 cats and 2 dogs) with histoplasmosis but without detectable antigen in urine. Diagnostic specificity of IgG EIA was 18/19 (94.7%; 95% CI, 74.0%‐99.9%) in cats and 128/138 (92.8%; 95% CI, 87.1%‐96.5%) in dogs. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Antibody detection by EIA can be used to support the diagnosis of histoplasmosis in cats and dogs. Immunodiffusion has an unacceptably low diagnostic sensitivity and is not recommended.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16726caninefelinefungal infectionhistoplasmosisinvasive fungal infectionserology |
| spellingShingle | Rebecca Tims Andrew S. Hanzlicek Laura Nafe Michelle M. Durkin Jennifer Smith‐Davis L. Joseph Wheat Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine canine feline fungal infection histoplasmosis invasive fungal infection serology |
| title | Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs |
| title_full | Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs |
| title_short | Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti‐Histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs |
| title_sort | evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay and immunodiffusion for detection of anti histoplasma antibodies in serum from cats and dogs |
| topic | canine feline fungal infection histoplasmosis invasive fungal infection serology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16726 |
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