Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature Review
Close connections between depression and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have been suggested by many epidemiological and experimental studies. Disturbances in insulin sensitivity due to the disruption of various molecular pathways cause insulin resistance, which underpins many metabolic disorders, including...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6969 |
| _version_ | 1797552994073444352 |
|---|---|
| author | Young Sup Woo Hyun Kook Lim Sheng-Min Wang Won-Myong Bahk |
| author_facet | Young Sup Woo Hyun Kook Lim Sheng-Min Wang Won-Myong Bahk |
| author_sort | Young Sup Woo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Close connections between depression and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have been suggested by many epidemiological and experimental studies. Disturbances in insulin sensitivity due to the disruption of various molecular pathways cause insulin resistance, which underpins many metabolic disorders, including diabetes, as well as depression. Several anti-hyperglycemic agents have demonstrated antidepressant properties in clinical trials, probably due to their action on brain targets based on the shared pathophysiology of depression and T2DM. In this article, we review reports of clinical trials examining the antidepressant effect of these medications, including insulin, metformin, glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonists, and briefly consider possible molecular mechanisms underlying the associations between amelioration of insulin resistance and improvement of depressive symptoms. In doing so, we intend to suggest an integrative perspective for understanding the pathophysiology of depression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:09:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d2ffef9037b740c8972e58fc48d5f0e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:09:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d2ffef9037b740c8972e58fc48d5f0e32023-11-20T14:40:16ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-09-012118696910.3390/ijms21186969Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature ReviewYoung Sup Woo0Hyun Kook Lim1Sheng-Min Wang2Won-Myong Bahk3Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, KoreaClose connections between depression and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have been suggested by many epidemiological and experimental studies. Disturbances in insulin sensitivity due to the disruption of various molecular pathways cause insulin resistance, which underpins many metabolic disorders, including diabetes, as well as depression. Several anti-hyperglycemic agents have demonstrated antidepressant properties in clinical trials, probably due to their action on brain targets based on the shared pathophysiology of depression and T2DM. In this article, we review reports of clinical trials examining the antidepressant effect of these medications, including insulin, metformin, glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonists, and briefly consider possible molecular mechanisms underlying the associations between amelioration of insulin resistance and improvement of depressive symptoms. In doing so, we intend to suggest an integrative perspective for understanding the pathophysiology of depression.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6969clinical trialsinsulin resistancedepressionanti-hyperglycemic agentspathophysiology |
| spellingShingle | Young Sup Woo Hyun Kook Lim Sheng-Min Wang Won-Myong Bahk Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature Review International Journal of Molecular Sciences clinical trials insulin resistance depression anti-hyperglycemic agents pathophysiology |
| title | Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature Review |
| title_full | Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature Review |
| title_short | Clinical Evidence of Antidepressant Effects of Insulin and Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Implications for the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Literature Review |
| title_sort | clinical evidence of antidepressant effects of insulin and anti hyperglycemic agents and implications for the pathophysiology of depression a literature review |
| topic | clinical trials insulin resistance depression anti-hyperglycemic agents pathophysiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/18/6969 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT youngsupwoo clinicalevidenceofantidepressanteffectsofinsulinandantihyperglycemicagentsandimplicationsforthepathophysiologyofdepressionaliteraturereview AT hyunkooklim clinicalevidenceofantidepressanteffectsofinsulinandantihyperglycemicagentsandimplicationsforthepathophysiologyofdepressionaliteraturereview AT shengminwang clinicalevidenceofantidepressanteffectsofinsulinandantihyperglycemicagentsandimplicationsforthepathophysiologyofdepressionaliteraturereview AT wonmyongbahk clinicalevidenceofantidepressanteffectsofinsulinandantihyperglycemicagentsandimplicationsforthepathophysiologyofdepressionaliteraturereview |