Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists?
The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, established new approaches to both CNS tumor nomenclature and grading, emphasizing the importance of integrated diagnoses and layered reports. This edition increased the role of molecular di...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1268038/full |
| _version_ | 1797263560679620608 |
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| author | Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Lavinia Bargiacchi Sabrina Rossi Andrea Carai Luca Bertero Valeria Barresi Maria Elena Errico Anna Maria Buccoliero Sofia Asioli Gianluca Marucci Giada Del Baldo Angela Mastronuzzi Evelina Miele Federica D’Antonio Marco Gessi Manila Antonelli Manila Antonelli Francesca Gianno Francesca Gianno |
| author_facet | Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Lavinia Bargiacchi Sabrina Rossi Andrea Carai Luca Bertero Valeria Barresi Maria Elena Errico Anna Maria Buccoliero Sofia Asioli Gianluca Marucci Giada Del Baldo Angela Mastronuzzi Evelina Miele Federica D’Antonio Marco Gessi Manila Antonelli Manila Antonelli Francesca Gianno Francesca Gianno |
| author_sort | Antonio d’Amati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, established new approaches to both CNS tumor nomenclature and grading, emphasizing the importance of integrated diagnoses and layered reports. This edition increased the role of molecular diagnostics in CNS tumor classification while still relying on other established approaches such as histology and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, it introduced new tumor types and subtypes based on novel diagnostic technologies such as DNA methylome profiling. Over the past decade, molecular techniques identified numerous key genetic alterations in CSN tumors, with important implications regarding the understanding of pathogenesis but also for prognosis and the development and application of effective molecularly targeted therapies. This review summarizes the major changes in the 2021 fifth edition classification of pediatric CNS tumors, highlighting for each entity the molecular alterations and other information that are relevant for diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic purposes and that patients’ and oncologists’ need from a pathology report. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:14:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d304074ec20344c6b7696081fd8ca6fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5099 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:14:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-d304074ec20344c6b7696081fd8ca6fc2024-03-13T04:58:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience1662-50992024-03-011710.3389/fnmol.2024.12680381268038Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists?Antonio d’Amati0Antonio d’Amati1Antonio d’Amati2Antonio d’Amati3Lavinia Bargiacchi4Sabrina Rossi5Andrea Carai6Luca Bertero7Valeria Barresi8Maria Elena Errico9Anna Maria Buccoliero10Sofia Asioli11Gianluca Marucci12Giada Del Baldo13Angela Mastronuzzi14Evelina Miele15Federica D’Antonio16Marco Gessi17Manila Antonelli18Manila Antonelli19Francesca Gianno20Francesca Gianno21Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, ItalyUnit of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, ItalyUnit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, ItalyNeuropathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Roma, ItalyUnit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, ItalyPathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, ItalyPathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, ItalyDepartment of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, ItalyDepartment of Pathology, AORN Santobono Pausilipon, Pediatric Hospital, Naples, Italy0Pathology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy1Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy2Neuropathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy3Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy3Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy3Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy3Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, ItalyNeuropathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Roma, ItalyUnit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy4IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, ItalyUnit of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy4IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, ItalyThe fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, established new approaches to both CNS tumor nomenclature and grading, emphasizing the importance of integrated diagnoses and layered reports. This edition increased the role of molecular diagnostics in CNS tumor classification while still relying on other established approaches such as histology and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, it introduced new tumor types and subtypes based on novel diagnostic technologies such as DNA methylome profiling. Over the past decade, molecular techniques identified numerous key genetic alterations in CSN tumors, with important implications regarding the understanding of pathogenesis but also for prognosis and the development and application of effective molecularly targeted therapies. This review summarizes the major changes in the 2021 fifth edition classification of pediatric CNS tumors, highlighting for each entity the molecular alterations and other information that are relevant for diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic purposes and that patients’ and oncologists’ need from a pathology report.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1268038/fullpediatric CNS tumorsbrain tumorsmolecular biologyWHO classificationneuro-oncologyneuropathology |
| spellingShingle | Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Antonio d’Amati Lavinia Bargiacchi Sabrina Rossi Andrea Carai Luca Bertero Valeria Barresi Maria Elena Errico Anna Maria Buccoliero Sofia Asioli Gianluca Marucci Giada Del Baldo Angela Mastronuzzi Evelina Miele Federica D’Antonio Marco Gessi Manila Antonelli Manila Antonelli Francesca Gianno Francesca Gianno Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists? Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience pediatric CNS tumors brain tumors molecular biology WHO classification neuro-oncology neuropathology |
| title | Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists? |
| title_full | Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists? |
| title_fullStr | Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists? |
| title_short | Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists? |
| title_sort | pediatric cns tumors and 2021 who classification what do oncologists need from pathologists |
| topic | pediatric CNS tumors brain tumors molecular biology WHO classification neuro-oncology neuropathology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1268038/full |
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