The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary Nebulae
In the last decade, fullerenes have been detected in a variety of astrophysical environments, with the majority being found in planetary nebulae. Laboratory experiments have provided us with insights into the conditions and pathways that can lead to fullerene formation, but it is not clear precisely...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Galaxies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/6/4/101 |
| _version_ | 1830093520141025280 |
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| author | Jan Cami Els Peeters Jeronimo Bernard-Salas Greg Doppmann James De Buizer |
| author_facet | Jan Cami Els Peeters Jeronimo Bernard-Salas Greg Doppmann James De Buizer |
| author_sort | Jan Cami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the last decade, fullerenes have been detected in a variety of astrophysical environments, with the majority being found in planetary nebulae. Laboratory experiments have provided us with insights into the conditions and pathways that can lead to fullerene formation, but it is not clear precisely what led to the formation of astrophysical fullerenes in planetary nebulae. We review some of the available evidence, and propose a mechanism where fullerene formation in planetary nebulae is the result of a two-step process where carbonaceous dust is first formed under unusual conditions; then, the fullerenes form when this dust is being destroyed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:56:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3194b17cfe4414e958ceae87a99ca3f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4434 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T17:56:23Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Galaxies |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3194b17cfe4414e958ceae87a99ca3f2022-12-21T22:22:10ZengMDPI AGGalaxies2075-44342018-09-016410110.3390/galaxies6040101galaxies6040101The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary NebulaeJan Cami0Els Peeters1Jeronimo Bernard-Salas2Greg Doppmann3James De Buizer4Department of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Planetary Science and Exploration (CPSX), The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaDepartment of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for Planetary Science and Exploration (CPSX), The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, CanadaRobert Hooke Building, Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UKW. M. Keck Observatory, 65-1120 Mamalahoa Highway, Kamuela, HI 96743, USAStratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy-USRA, NASA Ames Research Center, MS N232-12, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USAIn the last decade, fullerenes have been detected in a variety of astrophysical environments, with the majority being found in planetary nebulae. Laboratory experiments have provided us with insights into the conditions and pathways that can lead to fullerene formation, but it is not clear precisely what led to the formation of astrophysical fullerenes in planetary nebulae. We review some of the available evidence, and propose a mechanism where fullerene formation in planetary nebulae is the result of a two-step process where carbonaceous dust is first formed under unusual conditions; then, the fullerenes form when this dust is being destroyed.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/6/4/101planetary nebulaefullerenes |
| spellingShingle | Jan Cami Els Peeters Jeronimo Bernard-Salas Greg Doppmann James De Buizer The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary Nebulae Galaxies planetary nebulae fullerenes |
| title | The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary Nebulae |
| title_full | The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary Nebulae |
| title_fullStr | The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary Nebulae |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary Nebulae |
| title_short | The Formation of Fullerenes in Planetary Nebulae |
| title_sort | formation of fullerenes in planetary nebulae |
| topic | planetary nebulae fullerenes |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4434/6/4/101 |
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