ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination?
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Today, the critical role of the immune system in tumor control is undisputed. Checkpoint antibody immunotherapy augments existing antitumor T cell activity with durable clinical responses in many tumor entities. Despite the presence of tumor-ass...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/5/527 |
| _version_ | 1797533510693552128 |
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| author | Ramona Clemen Sander Bekeschus |
| author_facet | Ramona Clemen Sander Bekeschus |
| author_sort | Ramona Clemen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Today, the critical role of the immune system in tumor control is undisputed. Checkpoint antibody immunotherapy augments existing antitumor T cell activity with durable clinical responses in many tumor entities. Despite the presence of tumor-associated antigens and neoantigens, many patients have an insufficient repertoires of antitumor T cells. Autologous tumor vaccinations aim at alleviating this defect, but clinical success is modest. Loading tumor material into autologous dendritic cells followed by their laboratory expansion and therapeutic vaccination is promising, both conceptually and clinically. However, this process is laborious, time-consuming, costly, and hence less likely to solve the global cancer crisis. Therefore, it is proposed to re-focus on personalized anticancer vaccinations to enhance the immunogenicity of autologous therapeutic tumor vaccines. Recent work re-established the idea of using the alarming agents of the immune system, oxidative modifications, as an intrinsic adjuvant to broaden the antitumor T cell receptor repertoire in cancer patients. The key novelty is the use of gas plasma, a multi-reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-generating technology, for diversifying oxidative protein modifications in a, so far, unparalleled manner. This significant innovation has been successfully used in proof-of-concept studies and awaits broader recognition and implementation to explore its chances and limitations of providing affordable personalized anticancer vaccines in the future. Such multidisciplinary advance is timely, as the current COVID-19 crisis is inexorably reflecting the utmost importance of innovative and effective vaccinations in modern times. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:15:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3231ddbbad64725a67ec17472f48948 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:15:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3231ddbbad64725a67ec17472f489482023-11-21T20:29:19ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2021-05-019552710.3390/vaccines9050527ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination?Ramona Clemen0Sander Bekeschus1ZIK, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix Hausdorff Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, GermanyZIK, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix Hausdorff Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, GermanyCancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Today, the critical role of the immune system in tumor control is undisputed. Checkpoint antibody immunotherapy augments existing antitumor T cell activity with durable clinical responses in many tumor entities. Despite the presence of tumor-associated antigens and neoantigens, many patients have an insufficient repertoires of antitumor T cells. Autologous tumor vaccinations aim at alleviating this defect, but clinical success is modest. Loading tumor material into autologous dendritic cells followed by their laboratory expansion and therapeutic vaccination is promising, both conceptually and clinically. However, this process is laborious, time-consuming, costly, and hence less likely to solve the global cancer crisis. Therefore, it is proposed to re-focus on personalized anticancer vaccinations to enhance the immunogenicity of autologous therapeutic tumor vaccines. Recent work re-established the idea of using the alarming agents of the immune system, oxidative modifications, as an intrinsic adjuvant to broaden the antitumor T cell receptor repertoire in cancer patients. The key novelty is the use of gas plasma, a multi-reactive oxygen and nitrogen species-generating technology, for diversifying oxidative protein modifications in a, so far, unparalleled manner. This significant innovation has been successfully used in proof-of-concept studies and awaits broader recognition and implementation to explore its chances and limitations of providing affordable personalized anticancer vaccines in the future. Such multidisciplinary advance is timely, as the current COVID-19 crisis is inexorably reflecting the utmost importance of innovative and effective vaccinations in modern times.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/5/527antigencold physical plasmagas plasma technologyimmunogenicityoxidative post-translational modificationsoxPTM |
| spellingShingle | Ramona Clemen Sander Bekeschus ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination? Vaccines antigen cold physical plasma gas plasma technology immunogenicity oxidative post-translational modifications oxPTM |
| title | ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination? |
| title_full | ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination? |
| title_fullStr | ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination? |
| title_full_unstemmed | ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination? |
| title_short | ROS Cocktails as an Adjuvant for Personalized Antitumor Vaccination? |
| title_sort | ros cocktails as an adjuvant for personalized antitumor vaccination |
| topic | antigen cold physical plasma gas plasma technology immunogenicity oxidative post-translational modifications oxPTM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/5/527 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ramonaclemen roscocktailsasanadjuvantforpersonalizedantitumorvaccination AT sanderbekeschus roscocktailsasanadjuvantforpersonalizedantitumorvaccination |