Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Tongue
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic tongue were used to quantitatively determine the volatile compounds and taste indices of 21 Jiang-flavor baijiu samples of different grades. These samples were differentiated by chemometrics, and key differential compounds among grades were...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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China Food Publishing Company
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Shipin Kexue |
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| Online Access: | https://www.spkx.net.cn/fileup/1002-6630/PDF/2023-44-24-040.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827390226911199232 |
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| author | LIN Xianli, ZHANG Xiaojuan, LI Chen, CHAI Lijuan, LU Zhenming, XU Hongyu, WANG Songtao, ZHANG Suyi, SHEN Caihong, SHI Jingsong, XU Zhenghong |
| author_facet | LIN Xianli, ZHANG Xiaojuan, LI Chen, CHAI Lijuan, LU Zhenming, XU Hongyu, WANG Songtao, ZHANG Suyi, SHEN Caihong, SHI Jingsong, XU Zhenghong |
| author_sort | LIN Xianli, ZHANG Xiaojuan, LI Chen, CHAI Lijuan, LU Zhenming, XU Hongyu, WANG Songtao, ZHANG Suyi, SHEN Caihong, SHI Jingsong, XU Zhenghong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic tongue were used to quantitatively determine the volatile compounds and taste indices of 21 Jiang-flavor baijiu samples of different grades. These samples were differentiated by chemometrics, and key differential compounds among grades were identified. Finally, a discriminant model was established by machine learning. The results showed that there were differences in the contents of volatile compounds in Jiang-flavor baijiu of three grades, indicating the feasibility of further discriminant analysis. The total content of flavor compounds in second-grade baijiu (4 908 mg/L) was significantly lower than that in premium-grade (6 583 mg/L) and first-grade baijiu (8 254 mg/L), while the proportion of several esters responsible for floral and fruity aromas in total esters showed a decreasing trend as the grade decreased. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) identified 16 key differential compounds represented by ethyl palmitate and acetic acid. The results of electronic tongue showed that the taste indexes of premium-grade baijiu were more consistent, with lower bitterness and astringency aftertaste. The taste indexes of second-grade baijiu showed significant intersample differences. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed clear discrimination of Jiang-flavor baijiu of different grades according to their taste indexes. The above results provide a basis for the establishment of Jiang-flavor baijiu quality system. Four discriminant models were established based on 25 differential compounds and taste indexes identified. The accuracy of all models was higher than 90%, and the support vector machine (SVM) model performed best, with an accuracy of 100%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:48:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d325fd1b203443108c2597113845046c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1002-6630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:48:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | China Food Publishing Company |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Shipin Kexue |
| spelling | doaj.art-d325fd1b203443108c2597113845046c2024-01-05T07:16:26ZengChina Food Publishing CompanyShipin Kexue1002-66302023-12-01442432933810.7506/spkx1002-6630-20230115-117Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic TongueLIN Xianli, ZHANG Xiaojuan, LI Chen, CHAI Lijuan, LU Zhenming, XU Hongyu, WANG Songtao, ZHANG Suyi, SHEN Caihong, SHI Jingsong, XU Zhenghong0(1. School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; 2. National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;3. National Engineering Research Center of Solid-State Brewing, Luzhou 646000, China;4. School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China)Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic tongue were used to quantitatively determine the volatile compounds and taste indices of 21 Jiang-flavor baijiu samples of different grades. These samples were differentiated by chemometrics, and key differential compounds among grades were identified. Finally, a discriminant model was established by machine learning. The results showed that there were differences in the contents of volatile compounds in Jiang-flavor baijiu of three grades, indicating the feasibility of further discriminant analysis. The total content of flavor compounds in second-grade baijiu (4 908 mg/L) was significantly lower than that in premium-grade (6 583 mg/L) and first-grade baijiu (8 254 mg/L), while the proportion of several esters responsible for floral and fruity aromas in total esters showed a decreasing trend as the grade decreased. Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) identified 16 key differential compounds represented by ethyl palmitate and acetic acid. The results of electronic tongue showed that the taste indexes of premium-grade baijiu were more consistent, with lower bitterness and astringency aftertaste. The taste indexes of second-grade baijiu showed significant intersample differences. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed clear discrimination of Jiang-flavor baijiu of different grades according to their taste indexes. The above results provide a basis for the establishment of Jiang-flavor baijiu quality system. Four discriminant models were established based on 25 differential compounds and taste indexes identified. The accuracy of all models was higher than 90%, and the support vector machine (SVM) model performed best, with an accuracy of 100%.https://www.spkx.net.cn/fileup/1002-6630/PDF/2023-44-24-040.pdfjiang-flavor baijiu; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; electronic tongue; chemometrics; discriminant models |
| spellingShingle | LIN Xianli, ZHANG Xiaojuan, LI Chen, CHAI Lijuan, LU Zhenming, XU Hongyu, WANG Songtao, ZHANG Suyi, SHEN Caihong, SHI Jingsong, XU Zhenghong Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Tongue Shipin Kexue jiang-flavor baijiu; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; electronic tongue; chemometrics; discriminant models |
| title | Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Tongue |
| title_full | Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Tongue |
| title_fullStr | Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Tongue |
| title_full_unstemmed | Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Tongue |
| title_short | Discriminant Analysis of Jiang-Flavor Baijiu of Different Grades by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Electronic Tongue |
| title_sort | discriminant analysis of jiang flavor baijiu of different grades by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and electronic tongue |
| topic | jiang-flavor baijiu; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; electronic tongue; chemometrics; discriminant models |
| url | https://www.spkx.net.cn/fileup/1002-6630/PDF/2023-44-24-040.pdf |
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