Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats
Riceberry has recently been acknowledged for its beneficial pharmacological effects. Riceberry bran oil (RBBO) exhibited anti-proliferation activity in various cancer cell lines. However, animal studies of RBBO on anti-carcinogenicity and its molecular inhibitory mechanism have been limited. This st...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/18/4358 |
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| author | Warunyoo Phannasorn Aroonrat Pharapirom Parameth Thiennimitr Huina Guo Sunantha Ketnawa Rawiwan Wongpoomchai |
| author_facet | Warunyoo Phannasorn Aroonrat Pharapirom Parameth Thiennimitr Huina Guo Sunantha Ketnawa Rawiwan Wongpoomchai |
| author_sort | Warunyoo Phannasorn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Riceberry has recently been acknowledged for its beneficial pharmacological effects. Riceberry bran oil (RBBO) exhibited anti-proliferation activity in various cancer cell lines. However, animal studies of RBBO on anti-carcinogenicity and its molecular inhibitory mechanism have been limited. This study purposed to investigate the chemopreventive effects of RBBO on the carcinogen-induced liver and colorectal carcinogenesis in rats. Rats were injected with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and further orally administered with RBBO equivalent to 100 mg/kg body weight of γ-oryzanol 5 days/week for 10 weeks. RBBO administration suppressed preneoplastic lesions including hepatic glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase placental form positive foci and colorectal aberrant crypt foci. Accordingly, RBBO induced hepatocellular and colorectal cell apoptosis and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Interestingly, RBBO effectively promoted the alteration of gut microbiota in DEN- and DMH-induced rats, as has been shown in the elevated <i>Firmicutes</i>/<i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio. This outcome was consistent with an increase in butyrate in the feces of carcinogen-induced rats. The increase in butyrate reflects the chemopreventive properties of RBBO through the mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory properties and cell apoptosis induction in preneoplastic cells. This would indicate that RBBO containing γ-oryzanol, phytosterols, and tocols holds significant potential in the prevention of cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:30:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d32c0a8f90874832883f5a1d877293d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:30:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-d32c0a8f90874832883f5a1d877293d72023-11-23T15:25:50ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-09-011418435810.3390/cancers14184358Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in RatsWarunyoo Phannasorn0Aroonrat Pharapirom1Parameth Thiennimitr2Huina Guo3Sunantha Ketnawa4Rawiwan Wongpoomchai5Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandRiceberry has recently been acknowledged for its beneficial pharmacological effects. Riceberry bran oil (RBBO) exhibited anti-proliferation activity in various cancer cell lines. However, animal studies of RBBO on anti-carcinogenicity and its molecular inhibitory mechanism have been limited. This study purposed to investigate the chemopreventive effects of RBBO on the carcinogen-induced liver and colorectal carcinogenesis in rats. Rats were injected with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and further orally administered with RBBO equivalent to 100 mg/kg body weight of γ-oryzanol 5 days/week for 10 weeks. RBBO administration suppressed preneoplastic lesions including hepatic glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase placental form positive foci and colorectal aberrant crypt foci. Accordingly, RBBO induced hepatocellular and colorectal cell apoptosis and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Interestingly, RBBO effectively promoted the alteration of gut microbiota in DEN- and DMH-induced rats, as has been shown in the elevated <i>Firmicutes</i>/<i>Bacteroidetes</i> ratio. This outcome was consistent with an increase in butyrate in the feces of carcinogen-induced rats. The increase in butyrate reflects the chemopreventive properties of RBBO through the mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory properties and cell apoptosis induction in preneoplastic cells. This would indicate that RBBO containing γ-oryzanol, phytosterols, and tocols holds significant potential in the prevention of cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/18/4358anti-inflammationanti-carcinogenicitybioactive food componentscancer preventiongut microbiotaRiceberry |
| spellingShingle | Warunyoo Phannasorn Aroonrat Pharapirom Parameth Thiennimitr Huina Guo Sunantha Ketnawa Rawiwan Wongpoomchai Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats Cancers anti-inflammation anti-carcinogenicity bioactive food components cancer prevention gut microbiota Riceberry |
| title | Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats |
| title_full | Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats |
| title_fullStr | Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats |
| title_short | Enriched Riceberry Bran Oil Exerts Chemopreventive Properties through Anti-Inflammation and Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Carcinogen-Induced Liver and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats |
| title_sort | enriched riceberry bran oil exerts chemopreventive properties through anti inflammation and alteration of gut microbiota in carcinogen induced liver and colon carcinogenesis in rats |
| topic | anti-inflammation anti-carcinogenicity bioactive food components cancer prevention gut microbiota Riceberry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/18/4358 |
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