Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric Experience
Borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) accounts for 15–20% of all epithelial ovarian tumors. Concerns have arisen about the clinical and prognostic implications of BOT with exophytic growth patterns. We retrospectively reviewed all cases of BOT patients surgically treated from 2015 to 2020. Patients were di...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/10/3544 |
| _version_ | 1797599622200295424 |
|---|---|
| author | Vito Andrea Capozzi Elisa Scarpelli Luciano Monfardini Vincenzo Dario Mandato Carla Merisio Stefano Uccella Giulio Sozzi Marcello Ceccaroni Vito Chiantera Giovanna Giordano Luigi Della Corte Carmine Conte Stefano Cianci Tullio Ghi Roberto Berretta |
| author_facet | Vito Andrea Capozzi Elisa Scarpelli Luciano Monfardini Vincenzo Dario Mandato Carla Merisio Stefano Uccella Giulio Sozzi Marcello Ceccaroni Vito Chiantera Giovanna Giordano Luigi Della Corte Carmine Conte Stefano Cianci Tullio Ghi Roberto Berretta |
| author_sort | Vito Andrea Capozzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) accounts for 15–20% of all epithelial ovarian tumors. Concerns have arisen about the clinical and prognostic implications of BOT with exophytic growth patterns. We retrospectively reviewed all cases of BOT patients surgically treated from 2015 to 2020. Patients were divided into an endophytic pattern (with intracystic tumor growth and intact ovarian capsule) and an exophytic pattern (with tumor growth outside the ovarian capsule) group. Among the 254 patients recruited, 229 met the inclusion criteria, and of these, 169 (73.8%) belonged to the endophytic group. The endophytic group showed more commonly an early FIGO stage than the exophytic group (100.0% vs. 66.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, tumor cells in peritoneal washing (20.0% vs. 0.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), elevated Ca125 levels (51.7% vs. 31.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.003), peritoneal implants (0 vs. 18.3%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and invasive peritoneal implants (0 vs. 5%, <i>p</i> = 0.003) were more frequently observed in the exophytic group. The survival analysis showed 15 (6.6%) total recurrences, 9 (5.3%) in the endophytic and 6 (10.0%) patients in the exophytic group (<i>p</i> = 0.213). At multivariable analysis, age (<i>p</i> = 0.001), FIGO stage (<i>p</i> = 0.002), fertility-sparing surgery (<i>p</i> = 0.001), invasive implants (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and tumor spillage (<i>p</i> = 0.031) appeared significantly associated with recurrence. Endophytic and exophytic patterns in borderline ovarian tumors show superimposable recurrence rates and disease-free survival. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:37:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d32ee9772084446a82a6a9704c2815c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:37:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d32ee9772084446a82a6a9704c2815c12023-11-18T01:54:49ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-05-011210354410.3390/jcm12103544Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric ExperienceVito Andrea Capozzi0Elisa Scarpelli1Luciano Monfardini2Vincenzo Dario Mandato3Carla Merisio4Stefano Uccella5Giulio Sozzi6Marcello Ceccaroni7Vito Chiantera8Giovanna Giordano9Luigi Della Corte10Carmine Conte11Stefano Cianci12Tullio Ghi13Roberto Berretta14Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43125 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43125 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43125 Parma, ItalyUnit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43125 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AOUI Verona, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, ItalyDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecologic Oncology, and Minimally Invasive Pelvic Surgery, International School of Surgical Anatomy, Sacred Heart Hospital, 37024 Negrar, ItalyDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, ItalyPathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, A.O.U. Policlinico Rodolico, San Marco, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, ItalyUnit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43125 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, 43125 Parma, ItalyBorderline ovarian tumor (BOT) accounts for 15–20% of all epithelial ovarian tumors. Concerns have arisen about the clinical and prognostic implications of BOT with exophytic growth patterns. We retrospectively reviewed all cases of BOT patients surgically treated from 2015 to 2020. Patients were divided into an endophytic pattern (with intracystic tumor growth and intact ovarian capsule) and an exophytic pattern (with tumor growth outside the ovarian capsule) group. Among the 254 patients recruited, 229 met the inclusion criteria, and of these, 169 (73.8%) belonged to the endophytic group. The endophytic group showed more commonly an early FIGO stage than the exophytic group (100.0% vs. 66.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, tumor cells in peritoneal washing (20.0% vs. 0.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), elevated Ca125 levels (51.7% vs. 31.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.003), peritoneal implants (0 vs. 18.3%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and invasive peritoneal implants (0 vs. 5%, <i>p</i> = 0.003) were more frequently observed in the exophytic group. The survival analysis showed 15 (6.6%) total recurrences, 9 (5.3%) in the endophytic and 6 (10.0%) patients in the exophytic group (<i>p</i> = 0.213). At multivariable analysis, age (<i>p</i> = 0.001), FIGO stage (<i>p</i> = 0.002), fertility-sparing surgery (<i>p</i> = 0.001), invasive implants (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and tumor spillage (<i>p</i> = 0.031) appeared significantly associated with recurrence. Endophytic and exophytic patterns in borderline ovarian tumors show superimposable recurrence rates and disease-free survival.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/10/3544borderline ovarian tumorexophytic patternendophytic patterntumor growthBOT |
| spellingShingle | Vito Andrea Capozzi Elisa Scarpelli Luciano Monfardini Vincenzo Dario Mandato Carla Merisio Stefano Uccella Giulio Sozzi Marcello Ceccaroni Vito Chiantera Giovanna Giordano Luigi Della Corte Carmine Conte Stefano Cianci Tullio Ghi Roberto Berretta Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric Experience Journal of Clinical Medicine borderline ovarian tumor exophytic pattern endophytic pattern tumor growth BOT |
| title | Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric Experience |
| title_full | Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric Experience |
| title_fullStr | Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric Experience |
| title_full_unstemmed | Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric Experience |
| title_short | Do Exophytic and Endophytic Patterns in Borderline Ovarian Tumors Have Different Prognostic Implications? A Large Multicentric Experience |
| title_sort | do exophytic and endophytic patterns in borderline ovarian tumors have different prognostic implications a large multicentric experience |
| topic | borderline ovarian tumor exophytic pattern endophytic pattern tumor growth BOT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/10/3544 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vitoandreacapozzi doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT elisascarpelli doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT lucianomonfardini doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT vincenzodariomandato doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT carlamerisio doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT stefanouccella doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT giuliosozzi doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT marcelloceccaroni doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT vitochiantera doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT giovannagiordano doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT luigidellacorte doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT carmineconte doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT stefanocianci doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT tullioghi doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience AT robertoberretta doexophyticandendophyticpatternsinborderlineovariantumorshavedifferentprognosticimplicationsalargemulticentricexperience |