Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A Review
Due to climate change, 2/3 of the world’s population will face water shortage problems by 2025, while a 50% increase in food production is required in 2050 to feed nine billion people. In addition, the intensified anthropogenic activities have significantly increased water resource pollution. In thi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1187 |
| _version_ | 1797601524639072256 |
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| author | Rakhwe Kama Jibin Song Yuan Liu Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani Shouqiang Zhao Zhongyang Li |
| author_facet | Rakhwe Kama Jibin Song Yuan Liu Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani Shouqiang Zhao Zhongyang Li |
| author_sort | Rakhwe Kama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to climate change, 2/3 of the world’s population will face water shortage problems by 2025, while a 50% increase in food production is required in 2050 to feed nine billion people. In addition, the intensified anthropogenic activities have significantly increased water resource pollution. In this condition, wastewater reuse for crop irrigation to reduce water scarcity is currently becoming global, while it often causes soil pollution and heavy metal accumulation in agricultural areas. This situation has increased public concern over its environmental impact. Thus, an integrated framework was conducted to discuss the status of water availability in China, wastewater treatment and reuse in irrigation systems, and the potential health risks. Avenues for new research toward sustainable agriculture were discussed. We emphasize that wastewater reuse reduces the freshwater deficit and increases food productivity. However, adequate treatment should be applied before use to reduce its adverse impacts on human health risks and environmental pollution. Facilities and policies should support more accessible access to reclaimed water used in industries and urban facilities from secondary municipal wastewater treatment plants. This could be a long-term solution to eradicate water scarcity and inefficient water resources in agricultural systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:02:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d33d05fa92ef450eb39db467d786da4b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:02:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d33d05fa92ef450eb39db467d786da4b2023-11-18T00:04:20ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-04-01135118710.3390/agronomy13051187Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A ReviewRakhwe Kama0Jibin Song1Yuan Liu2Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani3Shouqiang Zhao4Zhongyang Li5Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaInstitute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaInstitute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaInstitute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaInstitute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaInstitute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS, Xinxiang 453002, ChinaDue to climate change, 2/3 of the world’s population will face water shortage problems by 2025, while a 50% increase in food production is required in 2050 to feed nine billion people. In addition, the intensified anthropogenic activities have significantly increased water resource pollution. In this condition, wastewater reuse for crop irrigation to reduce water scarcity is currently becoming global, while it often causes soil pollution and heavy metal accumulation in agricultural areas. This situation has increased public concern over its environmental impact. Thus, an integrated framework was conducted to discuss the status of water availability in China, wastewater treatment and reuse in irrigation systems, and the potential health risks. Avenues for new research toward sustainable agriculture were discussed. We emphasize that wastewater reuse reduces the freshwater deficit and increases food productivity. However, adequate treatment should be applied before use to reduce its adverse impacts on human health risks and environmental pollution. Facilities and policies should support more accessible access to reclaimed water used in industries and urban facilities from secondary municipal wastewater treatment plants. This could be a long-term solution to eradicate water scarcity and inefficient water resources in agricultural systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1187water scarcitywater resourceswastewater treatmentwastewater reuseagricultural reuse |
| spellingShingle | Rakhwe Kama Jibin Song Yuan Liu Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani Shouqiang Zhao Zhongyang Li Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A Review Agronomy water scarcity water resources wastewater treatment wastewater reuse agricultural reuse |
| title | Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A Review |
| title_full | Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A Review |
| title_short | Water Availability and Status of Wastewater Treatment and Agriculture Reuse in China: A Review |
| title_sort | water availability and status of wastewater treatment and agriculture reuse in china a review |
| topic | water scarcity water resources wastewater treatment wastewater reuse agricultural reuse |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/5/1187 |
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